Table 3.
Percent changes in natural deaths per 10 ppb of four-day average of maximal 8-hour ozone
| Variable | % increase (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Age | |
| 35-64 years | 1.48 (0.28, 2.70) |
| 65-74 years | 1.54 (0.34, 2.75) |
| 75-84 years | 1.59 (0.42, 2.77) |
| ≥ 85 years | 1.51 (0.34, 2.70) |
| Education | |
| ≤ 8 years | 1.53 (0.26, 2.83) |
| 9-12 years | 1.54 (0.39, 2.70) |
| 13-16 year | 1.56 (0.36, 2.77) |
| 17 years or more | 1.46 (0.13, 2.80) |
| Marital status | |
| Never Married | 1.54 (0.32, 2.78) |
| Married or separated | 1.51 (0.34, 2.69) |
| Widowed | 1.57 (0.41, 2.74) |
| Divorced | 1.49 (0.21, 2.79) |
| Race | |
| White & non Hispanic | 1.54 (0.39,2.70) |
| Black | 1.47 (0.12,2.84) |
| Indian | 1.26 (-7.46,10.81) |
| Hispanic | 1.33 (-0.87,3.59) |
| Asian or Pacific | 1.63 (-0.21,3.50) |
| Others | 0.93 (-19.24,26.15) |
| Hispanic | |
| Hispanic | 1.54 (0.39,2.69) |
| Non Hispanic | 1.53 (-0.43,3.52) |
| White | |
| White | 1.54 (0.39,2.69) |
| Non white | 1.52 (0.23,2.83) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 1.55 (0.39,2.72) |
| Female | 1.53 (0.37,2.69) |
| Population per km2 * | |
| Low | 1.5 (0.32,2.69) |
| Medium | 1.54 (0.38,2.71) |
| High | 1.57 (0.38,2.78) |
| Household income* | |
| Low | 1.58 (0.39,2.79) |
| Medium | 1.51 (0.36,2.68) |
| High | 1.56 (0.37,2.76) |
| Percent poverty* | |
| Low | 1.47 (0.3,2.66) |
| Medium | 1.55 (0.4,2.72) |
| High | 1.58 (0.37,2.8) |
Adjusting for linear and quadratic apparent temperature and days of week in the Eastern Massachusetts, May-September, 1995-2002. CI: confidence interval; * Use low and high quartiles as cut-offs. Low and high quartiles are 1016.35 and 6400 residents per km2 for population density, US$47,264 and US$84,047 for household income, 3.42% and 14.64% for percent poverty, respectively.