Table 1.
Participant demographics and genotype distributions
| Controls (n = 761) |
FD, total (n = 68) |
P2 | EPS (n = 43)4 |
P2 | PDS (n = 40)4 |
P2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)1 | 45 (19-83) | 43 (23-69) | 0.164 | 43 (23-69) | 0.079 | 43 (23-64) | 0.053 |
| Sex (male%) | 42.7 | 36.8 | 0.372 | 39.5 | 0.752 | 32.5 | 0.251 |
| Smoking (%) | 27.6 | 27.9 | 1.000 | 34.9 | 0.299 | 27.5 | 1.000 |
| Drinking (%) | 30.0 | 36.8 | 0.272 | 37.2 | 0.314 | 32.5 | 0.726 |
| BMI (kg/m2)1 | 22.0 (15.6-37.1) |
21.5 (17.4-29.3) |
0.400 | 21.6 (17.4-29.3) |
0.801 | 20.9 (17.4-29.3) |
0.084 |
| ALT (IU/L)1 | 18 (4-40) | 17 (8-38) | 0.478 | 18 (8-38) | 0.965 | 17 (9-32) | 0.189 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg)1 | |||||||
| Systolic | 118 (78-223) |
117 (78-175) |
0.735 | 116 (95-164) |
0.994 | 115 (78-175) |
0.282 |
| diastolic | 72 (42-126) |
72 (48-104) |
0.714 | 72 (49-104) |
0.895 | 68 (48-104) |
0.259 |
| GNB3 genotype (%) | |||||||
| CC (wild type) | 25.1 | 25.0 | 18.6 | 25.0 | |||
| CT | 48.4 | 42.6 | 39.5 | 42.6 | |||
| TT | 26.5 | 32.4 | 0.546 | 41.9 | 0.113 | 32.4 | 0.546 |
| P for HWE3 | 0.368 | 0.240 | 0.282 | 0.240 |
1Data are shown as median (range).
2P vs. controls by Mann-Whitney U-test (for age, BMI, ALT, and blood pressure) or Fisher's exact test (for other variables).
3P for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE).
4Fifteen subjects simultaneously had EPS- and PDS-like symptoms.
FD, functional dyspepsia; EPS, epigastric pain syndrome; PDS, postprandial distress syndrome; BMI, body mass index.