Table 4.
Coefficient (z) |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | |
Neighborhood-Level | |||||||
Racial Isolation | |||||||
Estimates for Women: | |||||||
% Non-Hispanic Black | |||||||
> 60 | .480 (1.53) | 1.008** (3.47) | .950** (3.30) | .927** (3.21) | .926** (3.17) | .988** (3.42) | .474 (1.47) |
20–60 | .350 (1.22) | .527 (1.86) | .510 (1.80) | .511 (1.80) | .498 (1.75) | .534 (1.88) | .330 (1.15) |
< 20 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Estimates for Men: | |||||||
% Non-Hispanic Black | |||||||
> 60 | .142 (.33) | −.088 (−.22) | −.151 (−.38) | −.168 (−.43) | −.177 (−.44) | −.106 (−.27) | .116 (.26) |
20–60 | .063 (.16) | −.167 (−.45) | −.174 (−.47) | −.169 (−.45) | −.191 (−.51) | −.152 (−.41) | .022 (.06) |
< 20 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
% Below Poverty | −.147 (−1.41) | .053 (.80) | .057 (.87) | .074 (1.10) | .069 (.96) | .038 (.56) | −.137 (−1.30) |
Population Size | .031 (.84) | .006 (.17) | .005 (.13) | .001 (.03) | .000 (.01) | .008 (.22) | .021 (.55) |
Physical Disorder | |||||||
Estimate for Women | 1.089** (3.52) | 1.119** (3.59) | |||||
Estimate for Men | −.076 (−.21) | −.026 (−.07) | |||||
Social Disorder/Crime | −.073(−.52) | .005(.03) | |||||
% Park Area | .205(1.31) | .221(1.32) | |||||
Recreation Centers | −.110(−.86) | −.225(−1.62) | |||||
Supermarkets | −.179(−1.40) | −.092(−.69) | |||||
% Commercial Parcels | −.0.66(−.62) | −.163(−1.26) | |||||
Billboards | .178(1.18) | .231(1.40) |
Note: All models adjust for individual age, race, education, income, marital status and survey year. Models include interaction terms between sex and the following variables: individual-level race, neighborhood racial isolation, and neighborhood physical disorder. Variables for disorder, park area, recreation centers, supermarkets, commercial parcels, and billboards are scaled so that a change of one unit represents an increase from the 25th to the 75th percentile (the inter-quartile range). Percent below poverty variable is scaled so that a change of one unit represents an increase of 10 percentage points. Population size is scaled so that one unit represents 1,000 persons.
p < .05
p < .01. N = 6,698.