FIG. 2.

Pore formation is temporally coordinated with IL-1β secretion and precedes host cell lysis. BMMs from caspase-1^−/− and C57BL/6 mice were treated with LPS for 4 h and infected with L. pneumophila at an MOI of 10 in the presence of anti-L. pneumophila antibody. Cultures were infected for 1, 2, and 3 h and processed for pore formation (A), release of LDH (B), or secretion of IL-1β (C). Data shown in all panels were obtained from the same cultures and are representative of three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 in comparison to C57BL/6 BMMs.