TABLE 3.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of pyrazinamide and ethambutol in diabetic and nondiabetic tuberculosis patients
| Parameter | Value for groupa |
Ratio of TB-DM to TB value | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TB-DM | TB | |||
| Pyrazinamideb (n, 18 per group) | ||||
| AUC0-24 (mg·h/liter) | 409 (369-455) | 468 (422-519) | 0.88 (0.76-1.01) | 0.07c |
| Cmax (mg/liter) | 45.5 (41.6-49.3) | 47.0 (44.1-50.1) | 0.96 (0.87-1.07) | 0.47c |
| No. with Cmax of >20 mg/liter/total no. (%) | 18/18 (100) | 18/18 (100) | ||
| Median (range) Tmax (h) | 1.0 (0.5-4.0) | 1.5 (0.5-6.0) | 0.61d | |
| Ethambutole (n, 17 per group) | ||||
| AUC0-24 (mg·h/liter) | 13.8 (12.0-15.9) | 13.5 (12.0-15.1) | 1.02 (0.86-1.22) | 0.77c |
| Cmax (mg/liter) | 2.2 (1.8-2.7) | 1.95 (1.6-2.4) | 1.12 (0.86-1.47) | 0.39c |
| No. with a Cmax of >2 mg/liter/total no. (%) | 10/17 (58.8) | 8/17 (47.1) | 0.37f | |
| Median (range) Tmax (h) | 3 (1.0-4.0) | 3 (1.0-6.0) | 0.93d | |
a
Unless stated otherwise, data are presented as geometric means (95% confidence intervals).
b
Given at a dose of 1,500 mg (30 mg/kg) in the intensive phase of TB treatment.
c
By an independent t test on log-transformed data.
d
By the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
e
Given at a dose of 750 mg (15 mg/kg) in the intensive phase of TB treatment.
f
By Pearson's chi-square test.