Figure 5.

Predicted annual variations of the daily infection rate for horses living in the wet African area (top, thick line), in the dry African area (top, thin line), and in the European area (bottom, thin line). A–B: Hatching periods for the bird populations living in Africa (top, not indicated for the resident population of the wet area for which reproduction is not seasonal) and Europe (bottom). a–b: Presence of the migratory populations on their breeding sites in Africa (top) and in Europe (bottom).