Table 1.
Provenance of materials used in this study
| Population no.* | Country† | Province | Locality‡ | Altitude | Latitude | Longitude | Collector§ | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | F | Corse-du-Sud | Corsica | 1541 m | 42°01′46·4″ | 9°12′34·5″ | ACC | 28 May 2005 |
| 2 | I | Emilia-Romagna | Mt Cusna | 1594 m | 44°18′06·7″ | 10°22′26·6″ | ACC–AC | 26 May 2006 |
| 3 | F | Var | La Chens I | 1610 m | 43°44′59·3″ | 6°39′25·5″ | PK | 4 June 2004 |
| 4 | F | Var | La Chens II | 1607 m | 43°44′58·5″ | 6°39°29·1″ | ACC–AC | 28 May 2006 |
| 5 | F | Alpes Maritimes | Col de Tende | 1888 m | 44°09′03·0″ | 7°33′56·3″ | ACC | 9 June 2004 |
| 6 | I | Piemonte | Valle di Pesio I 9589 | 1700 m | 44°11′43·68″ | 7°39′33·85″ | EH | 9 July 2007 |
| 7 | I | Piemonte | Valle di Pesio II 9592 | 1700 m | 44°11′43·68″ | 7°39′33·85″ | EH | 10 July 2007 |
| 8 | I | Piemonte | Passo del Duca 9525/9534 | 1700 m | 44°11′43·68″ | 7°39′33·85″ | EH | 14 July 2004 |
| 9 | I | Piemonte | Valle di Pesio III 9593 | 1925 m | 44°11′43·68″ | 7°39′33·85″ | EH | 10 July 2007 |
| 10 | I | Piemonte | Vallone Cravina 9595 | 1960 m | 44°13′24·72″ | 7°37′11·16″ | EH | 12 July 2007 |
| 11 | I | Piemonte | Col della Perla I 9596 | 2080 m | 44°9′11·05″ | 7°37′21·14″ | EH | 13 July 2007 |
| 12 | I | Piemonte | Col della Perla II 9597 | 2200 m | 44°9′11·05″ | 7°37′21·14″ | EH | 14 July 2007 |
| 13 | F | Alpes Maritimes | Notre Dame de la Fenestre | 1885 m | 44°05′45·3″ | 7°21′34·2″ | ACC | 11 June 2004 |
| 14 | F | Alpes Maritimes | Col d′Isola | 2210 m | 44°11′43·7″ | 7°09′19·7″ | ACC | 11 June 2004 |
| 15 | I | Piemonte | Colle della Lombarde I 9601 | 2260 m | 44°12′25·68″ | 7°8′51·98″ | EH | 15 July 2007 |
| 16 | I | Piemonte | Colle della Lombarde II 9602 | 2477 m | 44°13′17·60″ | 7°9′9·25″ | EH | 16 July 2007 |
| 17 | F | Alpes de Haute Provence | Vallette | 1820 m | 44°07·5′ | 6°33·5′ | PK | 4 June 2004 |
| 18 | F | Alpes de Haute Provence | Champs I | 1925 m | 44°09′59·5″ | 6°42′28·0″ | ACC | 13 June 2004 |
| 19 | F | Alpes Maritimes | Champs II | 2080 m | 44°10′33·8″ | 6°41′53·0″ | ACC–AC | 29 May 2006 |
| 20 | F | Alpes Maritimes | Cayolle I | 2193 m | 44°15′13·6″ | 6°44′52·1″ | ACC | 13 June 2004 |
| 21 | F | Alpes de Haute Provence | Cayolle II | 2325 m | 44°15′34·4″ | 6°44′41·3″ | ACC–AC | 30 May 2006 |
| 22 | F | Alpes de Haute Provence | Allos I | 2247 m | 44°22″′ | 6°37″′ | PK | 4 June 2004 |
| 23 | F | Alpes de Haute Provence | Allos II | 2080 m | 44°18′03·4″ | 6°35′06·0″ | ACC–AC | 29 May 2006 |
| 24 | F | Hautes Alpes | Vars | 2134 m | 44°32′21·3″ | 6°42′05·6″ | ACC | 14 June 2004 |
| 25 | F | Hautes Alpes | Raboux | 1859 m | 44°38′38·4″ | 5°58′43·1″ | ACC | 15 June 2004 |
| 26 | F | Hautes Alpes | Haute Queyras, Col de La Croix | 2000 m | 44°46′0″ | 7°01″′ | MH | 22 May 2004 |
| 27 | F | Hautes Alpes | Haute Queyras, Montette | 2000 m | 44°50′0″ | 6°55′0″ | MH | 23 May 2004 |
| 28 | F | Drôme | Vercors I | 1470 m | 44°54′07″ | 5°28′039″ | PK | 3 June 2004 |
| 29 | F | Drôme | Vercors II | 1325 m | 44°50′26·1″ | 5°25′23·1″ | ACC–AC | 30 May 2006 |
| 30 | F | Hautes Alpes | Col de Lautaret | 2060 m | 45°02′40·6″ | 6°24′04·1″ | ACC | 15 June 2004 |
| 31 | F | Savoie | Mt Cenis | 2025 m | 45°13′55·4″ | 6°53′53·6″ | ACC–AC | 3 July 2007 |
| 32 | F | Savoie | Col d′Iseran | 2768 m | 45°25′09·2″ | 7°01′52·9″ | ACC–AC | 3 July 2007 |
| 33 | I | Valle d′Aoste | Gran Paradiso | 2079 m | 45°37′0·5″ | 7°33′12·2″ | ACC–AC | 4 July 2007 |
| 34 | F | Savoie | Petit St Bernard | 2215 m | 45°40′40·4″ | 6°52′55·2″ | ACC–AC | 2 July 2007 |
| 35 | CH | Valais | Grand St Bernard | 2380 m | 45°52′09·9″ | 7°09′33·3″ | ACC–AC | 2 July 2007 |
| 36 | CH | Valais | Arpilles | 1830 m | 46°04·94′ | 7°.78′ | AC | 18 June 2006 |
| 37 | CH | Valais | Ovronnaz | 1840 m | 46°13·03′ | 7°09·52′ | AC | 18 June 2006 |
| 38 | I | Valle d′Aoste | Cervinia | 2200 m | 45°55′54·6″ | 7°38′18·1″ | ACC–AC | 4 July 2007 |
| 39 | CH | Valais | Jeizinen | 2020 m | 46°20′07″ | 7°43′85″ | ACC | 5 July 2004 |
| 40 | CH | Valais | Lötschental | 1773 m | 46°26′05·5″ | 7°51′48·0″ | ACC | 29 June 2006 |
| 41 | CH | Valais | Simplon Pass | 2019 m | 46°15′03·2″ | 8°01′48·2″ | ACC | 29 June 2006 |
| 42 | CH | Valais | Furka Pass | 2162 m | 46°34′45·8″ | 8°25′30·9″ | ACC | 28 June 2006 |
| 43 | CH | Ticino | Lukmanier Pass | 1946 m | 46°33′49·2″ | 8°47′54·7″ | ACC | 28 June 2006 |
| 44 | CH | Graubunden | Rheinwald 9603 | 2100 m | 46°33′16·05″ | 9°14′52·32″ | EH | 18 July 2007 |
| 45 | CH | Graubunden | Julier Pass | 2277 m | 46°28′20·9″ | 9°44′01·4″ | ACC | 27 June 2006 |
| 46 | CH | Graubunden | Albula Pass | 2312 m | 46·58333° | 9·83333° | ACC | 26 June 2006 |
| 47 | CH | Graubunden | Bernina Pass | 2301 m | 46°24′47·3″ | 010°01′17·3″ | ACC | 27 June 2006 |
| 48 | A | Vorarlberg | Arlberg Pass | 2269 m | 47°08′49·1″ | 10°14′55·3″ | ACC | 25 June 2006 |
| 49 | CH | Graubunden | Umbrail Pass | 2463 m | 46°32′51·3″ | 10°26′06·3″ | ACC | 26 June 2006 |
| 50 | A | Tirol | Kaunertal | 2525 m | 46°52′21·8″ | 10°42′37·5″ | ACC | 25 June 2006 |
| 51 | I | Trento | Tonale Pass | 2400 m | 46°16′21·27″ | 10°34′40·88″ | EH | 14 July 2006 |
| 52 | A | Tirol | Timmelsjoch | 2105 m | 46°55′13·5″ | 11°03′10·6″ | ACC | 24 June 2006 |
| 53 | A | Tirol | Tuxer Alps | 2315 m | 47°07′ | 11°34′ | CS | 6 July 2006 |
| 54 | I | Trento | Rosengarten | 2500 m | 46°27′19·56″ | 11°37′56·51″ | EH | 11 July 2006 |
| 55 | I | Trento | Padon Pass | 2350 m | 46°27′47·80″ | 11°53′42·88″ | EH | 9 July 2006 |
| 56 | I | Veneto | Mt Dürrenstein | 2400 m | 46°39′39·24″ | 12°10′57·86″ | EH | 18 July 2006 |
| 57 | A | Carinthia | Mt Großglockner | 2220 m | 47°4′47·63″ | 12°45′50·37″ | EH | 12 August 2005 |
| 58 | A | Carinthia | Mt Sadnig | 2200 m | 46°57′42″ | 13°′35″ | PS–GS | 7 July 2006 |
| 59 | A | Carinthia | Turracherhöhe | 2220 m | 46°55′20·47″ | 13°52′44·35″ | EH | 14 August 2005 |
* The numbers correspond to those used in Fig. 1.
† F, France; I, Italy; A, Austria; CH, Switzerland.
‡ A roman number indicates repeated sampling on the same population in different years; arabic numbers are herbaria numbers of E. Hörandl (vouchers were deposited in the herbarium of the University of Vienna, WU).
§ ACC, Anne-Caroline Cosendai; ACC–AC, Anne-Caroline Cosendai and André Cosendai; CS, Christoph Seger; EH, Elvira Hörandl; MH, Marc Hämmerli; PK, Philippe Küpfer; PS–GS, Peter Schönswetter and Gerald Schneeweiss.