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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cortex. 2009 Jul 30;46(4):507–521. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.07.011

Table 1.

Comparison of Younger and Older adults on Neuropsychological measures (Means and Standard Deviation)

Young Older p-value
Education 14.63 (1.67) 15.63 (2.61) 0.14
Health Rating1 3.89 (0.66) 4.17 (0.71) 0.23
Health Satisfaction1 4.11 (.81) 4.28 (.83) 0.53
Digit Symbol 69.21 (10.98) 56.89 (5.28) 0.00
Verbal Paired Associates2 26.39 (5.42) 22.22 (7.82) 0.07
Dot Comparison2 50.39 (10.62) 37.83 (5.76) 0.00
Controlled Oral Word Association (FAS) 15.50 (3.1) 13.78 (5.6) 0.26
Letter Number2 13.56 (3.07) 11.44 (2.48) 0.03
Shipley's Vocabulary2 32.00 (3.53) 33.56 (5.2) 0.30
MMSE 29.42 (0.77) 28.44 (1.38) 0.01
1

Health Rating and Health Satisfaction were measured on a 1 to 5 scale. A rating of 4 equals better than average.

2

Young N=18