Table 1.
Control |
MA |
PA |
LA |
AA |
EPA |
DHA |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatty acid | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd |
SFA | 46.08b,c | 3.35 | 59.64a | 1.16 | 54.46a,b | 1.73 | 31.95e | 0.79 | 36.23d,e | 0.87 | 36.17d,e | 1.31 | 42.60d | 7.44 |
12 : 0 | 0.42b,c | 0.07 | 0.54a,b | 0.08 | 0.31c | 0.06 | 0.23c | 0.04 | 0.31c | 0.03 | 0.28c | 0.02 | 0.61a | 0.12 |
14 : 0 | 3.58b,c | 0.51 | 20.35a | 0.37 | 3.10b,c | 0.36 | 2.67c | 0.18 | 3.42b,c | 0.23 | 3.53b,c | 0.31 | 4.15b | 0.51 |
16 : 0 | 29.26b | 2.25 | 29.05b | 0.14 | 39.48a | 1.76 | 21.01c | 0.51 | 24.29b,c | 0.73 | 24.73b,c | 1.08 | 28.75b | 5.09 |
18 : 0 | 11.17a | 1.35 | 8.10b,c | 0.53 | 10.42a,b | 0.44 | 7.26c | 0.06 | 7.49c | 0.06 | 6.80c | 0.19 | 8.08b,c | 1.77 |
20 : 0 | 0.33a | 0.03 | 0.25b | 0.02 | 0.35a | 0.03 | 0.16c | 0.01 | 0.17c | 0.01 | 0.16c | 0.00 | 0.17c | 0.04 |
22 : 0 | 0.28a | 0.04 | 0.17b,c,d | 0.02 | 0.22a,b | 0.02 | 0.10e | 0.02 | 0.13c,d,e | 0.02 | 0.19b,c | 0.02 | 0.12d,e | 0.02 |
24 : 0 | 1.03a | 0.15 | 0.58b,c | 0.04 | 0.57b,c | 0.08 | 0.45c | 0.06 | 0.42c | 0.06 | 0.49b,c | 0.02 | 0.73b | 0.17 |
MUFA | 39.78a | 2.75 | 30.13b | 2.24 | 34.31b | 1.31 | 20.54c | 2.06 | 21.18c | 1.70 | 20.47c | 1.29 | 20.59c | 1.91 |
16 : 1n-9 | 1.02a | 0.17 | 0.76a,b | 0.10 | 0.81a,b | 0.10 | 0.66b | 0.03 | 0.76a,b | 0.11 | 0.77a,b | 0.04 | 0.71b | 0.06 |
16 : 1n-7 | 4.54a,b | 1.20 | 4.45a,b | 0.83 | 4.72a | 0.67 | 1.89c | 0.26 | 2.62b,c | 0.58 | 2.81a,b,c | 0.42 | 2.73b,c | 0.43 |
18 : 1n-9 | 22.99a | 1.09 | 16.23c | 0.79 | 19.02b | 0.15 | 11.62d | 0.93 | 11.96d | 0.56 | 11.53d | 0.40 | 11.86d | 1.17 |
18 : 1n-7 | 10.07a | 1.02 | 7.99b | 0.88 | 8.69a,b | 0.68 | 5.59c | 0.65 | 5.18c | 0.36 | 4.60c | 0.18 | 4.83c | 0.37 |
20 : 1n-9 | 0.70a | 0.08 | 0.44b | 0.04 | 0.65a | 0.11 | 0.38b,c | 0.03 | 0.24c,d | 0.04 | 0.18d | 0.04 | 0.20d | 0.03 |
24 : 1n-9 | 0.46 | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.42 | 0.20 | 0.39 | 0.24 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.23 |
PUFA | 14.14b | 3.94 | 10.23b | 1.65 | 11.24b | 2.63 | 47.51a | 2.80 | 42.59a | 2.56 | 43.35a | 2.55 | 36.80a | 8.74 |
n-6 PUFA | 11.36b | 2.97 | 8.18b | 1.34 | 8.86b | 2.05 | 45.13a | 2.51 | 40.57a | 2.13 | 8.28b | 1.13 | 8.25b | 1.84 |
18 : 2 | 2.73b | 0.44 | 1.91b | 0.24 | 1.95b | 0.20 | 36.79a | 2.17 | 2.12b | 0.24 | 1.96b | 0.09 | 1.91b | 0.15 |
18 : 3 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.39 | 0.13 | 0.43 | 0.12 | 0.20 | 0.05 |
20 : 3 | 1.59b | 0.47 | 1.09b | 0.22 | 1.38b | 0.62 | 2.00a,b | 0.02 | 3.55a | 0.98 | 1.20b | 0.29 | 1.64b | 1.00 |
20 : 4 | 5.99b | 1.64 | 4.33b | 0.65 | 4.51b | 1.01 | 4.60b | 0.34 | 24.39a | 1.33 | 3.88b | 0.46 | 4.11b | 0.84 |
22 : 2 | 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.53 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
22 : 4 | 0.50c | 0.11 | 0.37c | 0.01 | 0.41c | 0.05 | 0.89b | 0.07 | 9.49a | 0.30 | 0.54b,c | 0.03 | 0.32c | 0.02 |
22 : 5 | 0.09b | 0.08 | 0.03b | 0.02 | 0.03b | 0.01 | 0.07b | 0.05 | 0.37a | 0.10 | 0.05b | 0.03 | 0.04b | 0.03 |
n-3 PUFA | 2.79b | 0.98 | 2.05b | 0.31 | 2.38b | 0.58 | 2.39b | 0.97 | 2.02b | 0.47 | 35.08a | 1.44 | 28.55a | 7.68 |
18 : 3 | 0.23a,b | 0.02 | 0.15b | 0.01 | 0.14b | 0.04 | 0.15b | 0.01 | 0.14b | 0.04 | 0.33a | 0.09 | 0.16b | 0.06 |
20 : 5 | 0.80b,c | 0.36 | 0.59c | 0.19 | 0.84b,c | 0.43 | 0.86b,c | 0.96 | 0.38c | 0.14 | 18.75a | 1.43 | 3.34b | 1.85 |
22 : 5 | 0.51c | 0.16 | 0.40c | 0.01 | 0.43c | 0.08 | 0.61b,c | 0.11 | 0.65b,c | 0.07 | 14.92a | 0.34 | 1.07b | 0.17 |
22 : 6 | 1.24b | 0.50 | 0.91b | 0.11 | 0.98b | 0.11 | 0.77b | 0.20 | 0.85b | 0.22 | 1.07b | 0.31 | 23.98a | 6.36 |
TC | 1.36 | 0.19 | 1.41 | 0.32 | 1.43 | 0.34 | 1.39 | 0.03 | 1.42 | 0.10 | 1.50 | 0.07 | 1.21 | 0.07 |
FC | 1.29 | 0.19 | 1.22 | 0.34 | 1.25 | 0.31 | 1.24 | 0.00 | 1.16 | 0.10 | 1.20 | 0.05 | 1.03 | 0.06 |
EC | 0.07c | 0.01 | 0.19b | 0.04 | 0.18b | 0.03 | 0.15b | 0.03 | 0.27a | 0.01 | 0.30a | 0.02 | 0.18b | 0.01 |
MA, myristic acid; PA, palmitic acid; LA, linoleic acid; AA, arachidonic acid; TC, total cholesterol; FC, non-esterified cholesterol; EC, esterified cholesterol.
Mean values within a row with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P<0.05).
Each experiment was performed in three independent cell cultures.