Table 2.
Standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes (A1C ≥6.5%), total diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed combined), percent of total diabetes that is undiagnosed, and at high risk of diabetes (A1C ≥6.0 to <6.5%), by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: NHANES 1988–1994, 1999–2002, 2003–2006
| 1988–1994 | 1999–2002 | 2003–2006 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 15,891 | 8,973 | 9,025 |
| Diagnosed diabetes | |||
| Combined age groups (years) | |||
| ≥20 | 5.3 (4.8–5.8) | 6.6 (5.9–7.3) | 7.6 (6.9–8.3) |
| ≥65 | 12.5 (11.0–13.9) | 14.9 (13.2–16.6) | 17.7 (15.6–19.8) |
| Age-specific groups (years) | |||
| 20–39 | 1.1 (0.6–1.6) | 1.6 (1.0–2.3) | 1.9 (1.4–2.4) |
| 40–59 | 5.5 (4.6–6.4) | 6.8 (5.7–7.9) | 8.1 (6.9–9.4) |
| 60–74 | 11.9 (10.3–13.5) | 15.5 (13.9–17.2) | 17.7 (15.7–19.6) |
| ≥75 | 13.7 (11.8–15.6) | 13.6 (10.6–16.6) | 15.1 (12.8–17.3) |
| Sex (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Men | 5.3 (4.7–5.8) | 7.2 (6.2–8.2) | 7.6 (6.6–8.6) |
| Women | 5.3 (4.6–6.1) | 6.1 (5.3–6.9) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) |
| Race/ethnicity (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 4.8 (4.2–5.5) | 5.3 (4.6–6.0) | 6.3 (5.5–7.0) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 8.4 (7.5–9.2) | 10.9 (9.4–12.3) | 12.2 (10.8–13.6) |
| Mexican American | 9.4 (8.5–10.4) | 10.4 (9.4–11.5) | 12.0 (10.4–13.6) |
| Undiagnosed diabetes | |||
| Combined age groups (years) | |||
| ≥20 | 2.1 (1.8–2.5) | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | 1.8 (1.4–2.2) |
| ≥65 | 4.4 (3.4–5.4) | 3.2 (2.4–4.0) | 3.5 (2.6–4.4) |
| Age-specific groups (years) | |||
| 20–39 | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 0.5 (0.1–0.8) | 0.6 (0.3–0.9) |
| 40–59 | 2.6 (1.9–3.2) | 1.8 (1.3–2.3) | 2.0 (1.3–2.7) |
| 60–74 | 4.3 (3.2–5.5) | 3.7 (2.7–4.7) | 3.5 (2.1–4.9) |
| ≥75 | 5.5 (3.8–7.2) | 3.2 (1.9–4.4) | 3.6 (2.4–4.8) |
| Sex (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Men | 2.6 (2.1–3.1) | 2.0 (1.5–2.5) | 2.1 (1.5–2.7) |
| Women | 1.8 (1.4–2.1) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) |
| Race/ethnicity (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1.6 (1.2–1.9) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 5.0 (4.3–5.6) | 3.1 (2.4–3.8) | 2.7 (2.2–3.3) |
| Mexican American | 4.0 (3.0–4.9) | 2.7 (2.0–3.4) | 3.6 (2.3–4.9) |
| Total diabetes | |||
| Combined age groups (years) | |||
| ≥20 | 7.4 (6.8–8.1) | 8.2 (7.3–9.1) | 9.3 (8.6–10.1) |
| ≥65 | 16.9 (15.2–18.6) | 18.1 (16.2–20.1) | 21.2 (18.8–23.6) |
| Age-specific groups (years) | |||
| 20–39 | 1.5 (1.0–2.0) | 2.1 (1.3–2.9) | 2.5 (1.9–3.1) |
| 40–59 | 8.1 (6.8–9.4) | 8.6 (7.3–10.0) | 10.1 (8.7–11.5) |
| 60–74 | 16.2 (14.3–18.1) | 19.2 (17.1–21.3) | 21.1 (18.8–23.5) |
| ≥75 | 19.2 (16.9–21.6) | 16.8 (13.6–19.9) | 18.6 (16.6–20.7) |
| Sex (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Men | 7.8 (7.1–8.6) | 9.2 (7.9–10.5) | 9.7 (8.8–10.6) |
| Women | 7.1 (6.2–8.0) | 7.4 (6.5–8.3) | 9.1 (8.1–10.1) |
| Race/ethnicity (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 6.4 (5.6–7.2) | 6.5 (5.7–7.3) | 7.6 (6.7–8.5) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 13.3 (12.3–14.4) | 14.0 (12.6–15.4) | 14.9 (13.4–16.5) |
| Mexican American | 13.4 (12.2–14.5) | 13.2 (12.1–14.2) | 15.6 (14.2–16.9) |
| Percent of total diabetes that is undiagnosed | |||
| Combined age groups (years) | |||
| ≥20 | 28.9 (23.2–34.6) | 20.6 (15.1–26.1) | 21.5 (16.6–26.4) |
| ≥65 | 25.6 (20.5–30.7) | 17.6 (13.8–21.4) | 16.4 (12.9–19.9) |
| Age-specific groups (years) | |||
| 20–39 | 28.1 (15.2–40.9) | 21.8 (9.9–33.7) | 25.6 (16.2–34.9) |
| 40–59 | 31.4 (26.1–36.7) | 20.4 (15.3–25.6) | 19.4 (13.3–25.5) |
| 60–74 | 26.7 (20.8–32.7) | 19.1 (14.6–23.5) | 16.4 (10.8–22.0) |
| ≥75 | 27.6 (21.1–34.2) | 19.1 (11.6–26.6) | 19.2 (12.8–25.7) |
| Sex (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Men | 30.4 (22.7–38.1) | 22.6 (13.1–32.2) | 25.4 (16.4–34.3) |
| Women | 27.8 (20.1–35.5) | 18.7 (11.5–26.0) | 17.8 (12.4–23.1) |
| Race/ethnicity (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 19.5 (11.7–27.3) | 16.9 (10.1–23.8) | 17.1 (6.5–27.6) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 41.6 (35.2–47.9) | 26.7 (13.5–40.0) | 15.7 (8.7–22.7) |
| Mexican American | 44.3 (38.1–50.6) | 15.2 (11.1–19.3) | 34.6 (23.0–46.1) |
| At high risk for diabetes | |||
| Combined age groups (years) | |||
| ≥20 | 4.9 (4.4–5.5) | 3.2 (2.6–3.7) | 3.4 (3.0–3.8) |
| ≥65 | 10.8 (9.7–11.9) | 6.6 (5.3–7.9) | 8.1 (6.6–9.6) |
| Age-specific groups (years) | |||
| 20–39 | 1.8 (1.2–2.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.0) |
| 40–59 | 5.2 (4.3–6.0) | 3.6 (2.7–4.6) | 3.7 (3.1–4.4) |
| 60–74 | 9.3 (7.9–10.7) | 6.5 (4.9–8.2) | 7.1 (5.5–8.8) |
| ≥75 | 12.1 (9.7–14.5) | 6.9 (5.4–8.4) | 8.7 (7.2–10.2) |
| Sex (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Men | 5.3 (4.4–6.1) | 3.3 (2.6–3.9) | 3.6 (3.1–4.1) |
| Women | 4.6 (4.0–5.2) | 3.1 (2.4–3.8) | 3.2 (2.6–3.9) |
| Race/ethnicity (age ≥20 years) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 3.7 (3.1–4.2) | 2.5 (1.9–3.0) | 2.7 (2.3–3.2) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 12.5 (11.3–13.7) | 5.9 (4.5–7.3) | 7.2 (6.2–8.2) |
| Mexican American | 5.9 (4.7–7.2) | 3.8 (2.9–4.7) | 3.6 (2.5–4.6) |
Data are % (95% CI). Diagnosed diabetes determined by self-report on interview. Values by age alone and by sex include those of race/ethnic groups not listed separately. Estimates for the total population aged ≥20 years and for race/ethnic groups were age- and sex-standardized, estimates for age-specific groups including those aged ≥65 years were sex-standardized, and estimates for sex groups were age-standardized (all using the 2000 U.S. Census population).