Figure 1.

A: Baseline: Young type 2 diabetic subjects show an impaired expression of mitochondrial proteins in skeletal muscle. Western blot assays were performed in extracts obtained from skeletal muscle biopsies from 11 normal glucose tolerant (control) and 16 young type 2 diabetic patients (young T2D). Data are means ± SE. *Statistically significant difference compared with the control group at P < 0.05. Representative autoradiograms are also shown. B: Chronic exercise. Chronic exercise causes a deficient induction of muscle mitochondrial proteins in young type 2 diabetic subjects. Western blot assays were performed in extracts obtained from skeletal muscle biopsies from normal glucose tolerant and young type 2 diabetic patients before and after a protocol of chronic exercise. Representative autoradiograms are shown in the lower right corner. Data are means ± SE. *Statistical significant difference compared with basal values at P < 0.05. C: Acute exercise. Acute exercise induces skeletal muscle PGC-1α gene expression in control but not in young type 2 diabetic subjects. Real-time PCR was performed in skeletal muscle biopsies from nine normal glucose tolerant and six young type 2 diabetic patients before and after an acute session of exercise. Data are means ± SE. *Statistical significant difference compared with basal values at P < 0.05.