Figure 1. CRY2 gene expression in healthy volunteers and bipolar disorder patients.

CRY2 mRNA expression was not changed by sleep deprivation in bipolar disorder patients (triangle) and was significantly decreased compared to healthy volunteers (square) during sleep deprivation. Blood draw 1 (x-axis) was at 7 p.m., then there was a blood draw every 6 hours. Sleep deprivation was at time points #6, #7, #8 and #9. Bars indicate mean and error bars indicate SEM.