Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in patients grouped by quartiles of their baseline albumin-corrected serum calcium levels
| Serum calcium, mg/dl |
P for Trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <9.1 (n = 285) | 9.1 to 9.4 (n = 287) | 9.41 to 9.7 (n = 330) | >9.7 (n = 341) | ||
| Age, yr | 69.8 ± 10.3 | 68.5 ± 10.9 | 67.9 ± 10.3 | 67.4 ± 11.6 | 0.005 |
| Race (black), n (%) | 55 (19) | 66 (23) | 81 (25) | 98 (29) | 0.006 |
| DM, n (%) | 145 (51) | 156 (54) | 186 (56) | 195 (57) | 0.1 |
| ASCVD, n (%) | 169 (59) | 161 (56) | 179 (54) | 198 (58) | 0.7 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 59 (22) | 66 (24) | 92 (29) | 86 (27) | 0.1 |
| CCI | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 2.4 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 0.4 |
| Future Ca-based binder use, n (%) | 103 (36) | 74 (26) | 92 (28) | 67 (26) | 0.01 |
| Future sevelamer HCl use, n (%) | 37 (13) | 25 (9) | 35 (11) | 37 (11) | 0.6 |
| Future calcitriol use, n (%) | 101 (35) | 96 (33) | 97 (29) | 95 (28) | 0.023 |
| Future aspirin use, n (%) | 167 (59) | 176 (61) | 202 (61) | 192 (56) | 0.5 |
| Future ACEI/ARB use, n (%) | 210 (74) | 219 (76) | 260 (79) | 254 (74) | 0.7 |
| Future statin use, n (%) | 161 (56) | 205 (71) | 217 (66) | 228 (67) | 0.045 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.5 ± 5.3 | 29.6 ± 6.0 | 29.9 ± 6.3 | 29.2 ± 5.9 | 0.19 |
| SBP, mmHg | 153 ± 26 | 149 ± 24 | 152 ± 28 | 146 ± 29 | 0.01 |
| DBP, mmHg | 75 ± 16 | 74 ± 15 | 76 ± 15 | 73 ± 16 | 0.4 |
| Estimated GFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 33.1 ± 15.9 | 36.8 ± 15.7 | 39.4 ± 15.7 | 39.8 ± 17.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/dl | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Serum ALP, U/L | 98 ± 43 | 85 ± 34 | 95 ± 51 | 89 ± 41 | 0.24 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 190 ± 59 | 189 ± 57 | 188 ± 49 | 192 ± 59 | 0.7 |
| Serum phosphorus, mg/dl | 3.9 ± 0.9 | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Serum bicarbonate, mEq/L | 24.9 ± 3.7 | 25.5 ± 3.4 | 26.0 ± 3.1 | 26.1 ± 3.4 | <0.001 |
| Blood hemoglobin, g/dl | 12.4 ± 2.0 | 12.6 ± 1.9 | 12.7 ± 1.7 | 12.9 ± 2.0 | 0.001 |
| Blood WBC count, 1000/mm3 | 7.2 ± 2.1 | 7.4 ± 2.3 | 7.7 ± 2.1 | 8.0 ± 2.5 | <0.001 |
| Blood lymphocytes, % WBC | 22.6 ± 8.3 | 23.0 ± 9.3 | 23.7 ± 8.0 | 23.6 ± 8.5 | 0.12 |
| Proteinuria, mg/24 h, geometric mean (95% CI) | 871 (729 to 1041) | 615 (518 to 730) | 782 (657 to 931) | 721 (612 to 849) | 0.4 |
Data without parentheses are presented as mean ± SD. Comparisons were made by χ2 test for linear trend. DM, diabetes mellitus; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; ACEI/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; ALP, alkaline phosphatase.