Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Normotensive |
Hypertensive |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Losartan (n = 122) | Placebo (n = 124) | Losartan (n = 30) | Amlodipine (n = 30) | |
| Age, yr, mean (SD) | 10.0 (4.9) | 8.9 (4.6); | 12.3 (3.4) | 12.8 (2.9) |
| range | 1.0 to 17.0 | 1.0 to 17.0 | 6.0 to 17.0 | 7.0 to 17.0 |
| ≤6 | 32 (26.2) | 42 (33.9) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| 7 to 12 | 43 (35.2) | 45 (36.3) | 14 (46.7) | 12 (40.0) |
| 13 to 17 | 47 (38.5) | 37 (29.8) | 15 (50.0) | 18 (60.0) |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| male | 69 (56.6) | 72 (58.1) | 17 (56.7) | 13 (43.3) |
| female | 53 (43.4) | 52 (41.9) | 13 (43.3) | 17 (56.7) |
| Race, n (%) | ||||
| Asian | 24 (19.7) | 23 (18.5) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (10.0) |
| Black | 4 (3.3) | 3 (2.4) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) |
| multiracial | 28 (23.0) | 25 (20.2) | 8 (26.7) | 9 (30.0) |
| White | 61 (50.0) | 69 (55.6) | 16 (53.3) | 16 (53.3) |
| other | 5 (4.1) | 4 (3.2) | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Tanner stage, n (%) | ||||
| I to III | 98 (80.3) | 99 (79.8) | 19 (63.3) | 18 (60.0) |
| IV to V | 24 (19.7) | 25 (20.2) | 11 (36.7) | 12 (40.0) |
| Prior ACE-I/ARB use, n (%) | ||||
| yes | 61 (50.0) | 62 (50.0) | 22 (73.3) | 19 (63.3) |
| no | 61 (50.0) | 62 (50.0) | 8 (26.7) | 11 (36.7) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||||
| mean (SD) | 19.3 (5.5) | 18.8 (4.0) | 21.7 (5.0) | 20.8 (4.4) |
| range | 12.0 to 55.2 | 12.2 to 35.6 | 14.6 to 35.2 | 12.6 to 33.8 |
| Duration of hypertension, yr | ||||
| mean (SD) | NA | NA | 4.8 (4.1); | 6.1 (4.8); |
| range | NA | NA | 1.0 to 17.0 | 1.0 to 16.0 |
| Protein/creatinine ratio, g/g | ||||
| mean (SD) | 2.0 (2.6) | 2.8 (4.0) | 2.9 (2.7) | 2.9 (3.1) |
| range | 0.1 to 11.8 | 0.1 to 26.6 | 0.3 to 9.4 | 0.4 to 16.6 |
| GFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | ||||
| mean (SD) | 120.5 (50.2) | 119.5 (51.4) | 116.0 (45.9) | 110.9 (60.6) |
| range | 16.3 to 295.6 | 29.4 to 283.3 | 30.7 to 201.4 | 32.1 to 289.4 |
| Cystatin-C, mg/L | ||||
| mean (SD) | 11.4 (5.9) | 12.5 (7.1) | 11.8 (4.8) | 13.4 (7.0) |
| range | 6.0 to 45.0 | 5.0 to 43.0 | 6.0 to 30.0 | 6.0 to 33.0 |
| Sitting systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 103.2 (12.5) | 103.7 (12.2) | 117.4 (10.9) | 121.6 (10.5) |
| Age/gender/height-adjusted percentile, mean (SD) | 54.6 (29.1) | 60.6 (27.8) | 78.8 (19.5) | 84.4 (19.4) |
| Sitting diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 64.4 (10.0) | 65.1 (9.6) | 76.4 (8.1) | 79.1 (12.4) |
| Age/gender/height-adjusted percentile, mean (SD) | 64.7 (25.3) | 69.8 (22.3) | 84.7 (13.5) | 84.7 (17.3) |
| Etiologies of proteinuria, n | 246 | 60 | ||
| glomerular | 113 | 35 | ||
| reflux nephropathy | 27 | 2 | ||
| hemolytic uremic syndrome | 25 | 6 | ||
| Alport syndrome | 24 | 6 | ||
| hypoplasia/dysplasia/aplasia | 14 | 2 | ||
| obstruction | 5 | 0 | ||
| other | 14 | 1 | ||
| unknown | 24 | 8 | ||