Table 1.
Characteristics of study children
| Characteristic | Singletons
|
Multiplets
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls
|
Boys
|
Girls
|
Boys
|
||||||||
| No | Mean (SD) | No | Mean (SD) | No | Mean (SD) | No | Mean (SD) | ||||
| At birth | |||||||||||
| Birth weight (g) | 231 | 2886.4 (743.4) | 548 | 3282.1 (726.9) | 68 | 2393.9 (585.3) | 36 | 2370.8 (519.3) | |||
| Gestation (weeks) | 231 | 38.2 (2.9) | 548 | 38.9 (2.4) | 68 | 36.1 (2.7) | 36 | 35.1 (2.7) | |||
| Length (cm) | 224 | 47.2 (3.4) | 530 | 49.3 (3.1) | 64 | 45.1 (3.1) | 34 | 45.2 (2.9) | |||
| Head circumference (cm) | 226 | 33.0 (2.2) | 529 | 34.3 (2.2) | 65 | 32.0 (2.2) | 34 | 31.9 (1.9) | |||
| Mid upper arm circumference (mm) | 195 | 10.5 (1.3) | 480 | 10.9 (1.3) | 61 | 9.4 (1.0) | 28 | 9.6 (0.8) | |||
| Placental weight (g)* | 229 | 557.8 (150.2) | 540 | 625.8 (158.1) | — | — | — | — | |||
| At age 8 years | |||||||||||
| Height (cm) | 231 | 126.8 (6.0) | 548 | 128.4 (6.0) | 68 | 128.4 (5.7) | 36 | 127.0 (5.1) | |||
| Weight (kg) | 231 | 27.8 (5.7) | 548 | 28.1 (5.3) | 68 | 27.6 (4.8) | 36 | 26.4 (5.4) | |||
| Fat mass (kg)† | 230 | 6.1 (3.6) | 548 | 5.5 (2.8) | 68 | 5.1 (2.8) | 36 | 5.0 (2.9) | |||
| Lean body mass (kg)‡ | 230 | 21.8 (2.6) | 548 | 22.6 (3.0) | 68 | 22.4 (2.6) | 36 | 21.4 (2.9) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 231 | 108.3 (9.1) | 548 | 107.3 (8.9) | 68 | 110.4 (9.2) | 36 | 109.3 (11.2) | |||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 231 | 64.3 (6.6) | 548 | 63.6 (6.4) | 68 | 65.0 (7.1) | 36 | 64.2 (7.3) | |||
*
Placental weight only reported for singletons because individual placental weights are unreliable in multiplets.
†
Calculated from sum of four skinfold thicknesses.
‡
Calculated as weight (kg) minus fat mass (kg).