TABLE III.

Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover

Bone Formation Markers	Bone Resorption Markers
Noncollagenous protein: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin	Produced by osteoclast: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)
Collagenous protein: carboxyterminal propeptide of type-I collagen (PICP) and aminoterminal propeptide of type-I collagen (PINP)	Collagen degradation products: free and total pyridinolines (PYD), free and total deoxypyridinolines (DPD), serum and urine N-telopeptide of collagen cross-links (NTX), and serum and urine C-telopeptide of collagen cross-links (CTX)