Table 3.

Signal change values in hypothesized stress response circuitry regions comparing negative to neutral stimuli in men versus women in early follicular and late follicular/midcycle periods

Hypothesized regionsa	R/L Hem	Men	EF Women	LF/MC Women	Difference in ESb: men versus EF	Difference in ESb: men versus LF/MC	Test of different differences in ESc
Cortical
ACG
BA 24, 32	L	0.20	−0.08	−0.15	0.28*	0.35**	−0.07
	R	0.05	−0.15	−0.16	0.20*	0.21*	−0.01
OFC
BA 10,11,47	L	0.39	0.15	−0.20	0.24	0.59**	−0.35**
	R	0.29	0.10	−0.19	0.19	0.49**	−0.30**
medPFC
BA 10, 11	R	0.24	0.26	−0.36	−0.02	0.60**	−0.62***
vmPFC	L	0.31	0.07	−0.29	−0.024	0.61**	−0.37***
	R	0.52	0.52	−0.02	0.00	0.54*	−0.54***
Subcortical
Amygdala	L	0.36	0.09	0.01	0.27*	0.35*	−0.08
	R	0.06	0.05	−0.09	0.01	0.15	−0.14*
Hippocampus	R	0.25	0.12	−0.05	0.13	0.30***	−0.18**
Hypothalamus
LHA	L	0.58	0.15	0.17	0.43*	0.41*	−0.02
VMN	L	0.43	0.14	0.12	0.29*	0.31*	−0.03
Brainstem
Medulla		0.10	0.04	−0.03	0.06	0.13	−0.07
Midbrain		0.19	0.02	−0.06	0.18	0.25*	−0.08
PAG		0.48	0.48	0.08	0.01	0.40*	−0.40*
Pons		0.15	0.07	−0.07	0.08	0.22+	−0.15

Significance levels: ***p ≤ 0.001; **p ≤ 0.01; *p ≤ 0.05; ⁺p ≤ 0.10; two-tailed. medPFC, Medial prefrontal cortex.

^aHypothesized region of interest activations were derived from an 8 mm sphere around activation center and hypothalamic areas from a 4 mm sphere.

^bESs = standard deviations calculated as follows: differences between negative versus neutral signal intensity changes in men versus EF women and men versus LF/MC women; differences are divided by the SD of signal intensity value of the whole sample.

^cThe differences between two different signal intensity values (i.e. men vs EF women and men vs LF/MC women) was tested formally using PROC MIXED in SAS. This procedure fits mixed linear models and handles repeated measurements in order to take into account the variance of the two different measurements (EF and LF/MC) for each woman in the current study.