. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 12.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Intern Med. 2009 Oct 12;169(18):1698–1704. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.302

Table 3.

Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes^a by Tertiles of Neighborhood Scores^b

	Incidence per 1000 Person-Years (95% Confidence Interval)
Neighborhood Resources	Tertile 1, Worst	Tertile 2, Intermediate	Tertile 3, Best
Physical activity	28.7 (23.1–35.6)	27.0 (21.8–33.4)	16.3 (12.5–21.4)
Healthy foods	31.4 (25.7–38.4)	26.8 (21.6–33.2)	15.5 (11.8–20.4)

Type 2 diabetes was defined according to American Diabetes Association 2003 criteria: fasting glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher (to convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555) or taking insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.

For this table, Poisson regression was used to estimate age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates (sum of events/person-years) according to neighborhood exposures; person-years were approximated by using midpoints between clinic visits. Neighborhood measures, collected from a population-based residential survey (the Community Survey; see the “Methods” section), were aggregated to census tracts using empirical Bayes estimation. Item responses had a possible range of 1 to 5; higher scores indicate better resources.