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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Dec 14.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res. 2009 Sep 23;1303:179–194. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.063

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

CSF insulin levels in diabetic rats infused i.c.v. with insulin or the combination treatment. At the conclusion of the experiment, CSF was withdrawn with a needle through the atlanto-occipital membrane at the cisterna magna. CSF was not successfully withdrawn from all animals, and rats from the brain biochemistry and perfusion studies were both used. The CSF was diluted 1:40 and insulin levels were measured by sandwich ELISA. Lane 1, (Non-D, N = 8); Lane 2, (D+aCSF, N = 12); Lane 3, (D+Ins, N = 9); and Lane 4, (D+Ins+IGF, N = 12). Error bars in Lanes 1 and 2 were too small to be shown.