Figure 1.
Microtubules Are Generated at Kinetochores prior to Their Interaction with Spindle Pole Microtubules
(A) Tubulin signals are found at reassembled KTs before their interaction with spindle pole MTs in S phase. CTF19-3×GFP MTW1-3×GFP YFP-TUB1 cells (T3110) were treated with α factor and subsequently released to fresh media. After 25 min, YFP (tubulin; red) and GFP (Ctf19, Mtw1; green) images were acquired. Cell shapes are outlined in white.
(B) Tubulin signals are found at CEN3 after its reactivation and showed extension in some cases. (i and iii) Pgal-CEN3-tetOs (replacing CEN3) TetR-3×CFP YFP-TUB1 Pmet3-CDC20 cells (T3828) were treated with α factor in methionine drop-out medium with raffinose for 2.5 hr, and then released to YP medium containing galactose, raffinose, and 2 mM methionine. After 3.5 hr, cells were suspended in synthetic complete medium containing glucose and methionine. Subsequently, YFP (tubulin; red) and CFP (CEN3; green) images were acquired. (ii) Pgal-CEN3-tetOs (replacing CEN15) TEL15R-tetOs TEL15L-tetOs TetR-GFP YFP-TUB1 Pmet3-CDC20 cells (T3845) were treated in the same way, and YFP (tubulin; red) and GFP (CEN, TELs on chromosome XV; green) images were acquired.
(C) Tubulin signals extended from CEN3 for a greater length, under a mild osmotic stress. T3828 cells were treated as in (B), but 1/10 volume of 1 M sorbitol was added immediately after transfer to glucose-containing medium. YFP (tubulin; red) and CFP (CEN3; green) images were acquired every 30 s (time 0, start of image acquisition). MT extensions from CEN3 are shown in (i) a representative time-lapse sequence and (ii) selected images. See also Supplemental Experimental Procedures and Movie S1. See Figure S1 in Supplemental Information.
