TABLE 1.

Biochemical values in normal control rats and in rats with DKA before and after 2-h treatment with insulin and saline infusion

	Control	DKA before infusion	DKA after 2-h saline and insulin infusion
n	21	49	11
Glucose (mmol/l)	7.9 ± 0.9	35.7 ± 9.1	17.3 ± 8.4
BUN (mmol/l	3.9 ± 1.1	34.3 ± 13.2	25.3 ± 10.7
pH	7.42 ± 0.06	7.10 ± 0.23	7.20 ± 0.13
Total CO2 (mmol/l	27 ± 1	7 ± 2	12 ± 1

Data are means ± SD for glucose, BUN, and pH and geometric means ± SD for total CO₂. DKA preinfusion values represent pooled values for all DKA treatment groups. Postinfusion values include rats in the standard (insulin and saline) DKA treatment group only. Among DKA rats before infusion, 20 of 49 had glucose measurements above the detection limit of 38.5 mmol/l, 9 of 49 had BUN measurements above the detection limit of 50 mmol/l, and 18 of 48 had a total CO₂ measurement below the detection limit of 5 mmol/l. Pretreatment parameters for BUN, glucose, and total CO₂ are maximum-likelihood estimates, as described in research design and methods.