Table 1. Trends in acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, diarrhoea and death from diarrhoea in Nepal, 2004–2007.

Year	Population aged < 5 years	New ARI cases			New pneumonia cases				New severe pneumonia cases				Episodes of diarrhoea			Cases of diarrhoea with some dehydration				Cases of diarrhoea with severe dehydration				Diarrhoea deaths
		No.	ECYa		No.	Percentage of ARI cases	ECYa		No.	Percentage of ARI cases	ECYa		No.	ECYa		No.	Percentage of total diarrhoea visits	ECYa		No.	Percentage of total diarrhoea visits	ECYa		No.	CFR (deaths per 1000)
2004–05	3 587 477	1 290 632	0.36		430 700	33.37	0.12		27 103	2.1	0.007		785 336	0.22		296 844	37.8	0.08		17 506	2.2	0.005		244	0.3
2005–06	3 633 687	1 472 562	0.40		468 838	31.8	0.13		23 560	1.6	0.0065		739 915	0.20		248 717	33.6	0.07		10 068	1.4	0.003		82	0.11
2006–07	3 672 650	1 498 359	0.41		464 460	31.0	0.13		18 038	1.2	0.005		680 819	0.18		218 284	32.1	0.06		7 573	1.1	0.002		113	0.17
χ² for linear trend in proportions		18 449.6*			1 706.4*				3 087.5*				12 554.9*			5 182.8*				2 824*				35.6*

* P < 0.01.
ARI, acute respiratory infection; CFR, case fatality rate; ECY, episodes per child per year.
Data obtained from the Ministry of Health and Population.¹⁴