Table 3. Antimicrobial resistance characteristics of MDR Salmonella isolates from human and animal origin in Vietnam.
Multidrug-resistance patterns | Serovars (animal/human isolates) | IP types | Conjugation | SGI 1 | ||
Ec | SE | Type | Excision | |||
SSu | Derby (2/0) | V(2)a | - | nt | SGI1-C | nt |
ATNa | Anatum (13/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
CSSu | Agona (1/0) | X (1) | + (1) | - | - | nt |
STSu | London (3/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ACTNa | Anatum (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ASSuG | Kedougou (0/1) | XV (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ASTSu | Enteritidis (0/4) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
CSuTpNa | Emek (23/1) | XI (24) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
CTSuTp | Panama (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
STKNa | Blockley (13/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
STSuNa | Tm pt 507 (0/1), Hadar (0/1) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ACSuTpNa | Albany (1/0) | II (1) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
ACTSSu | Tm pt 506 (0/1) | I (1) | - | nt | SGI1 | + |
ACTSuTp | Panama (1/1) | X (2) | - | nt | - | nt |
ATSuTpNa | Anatum (1/0) | X (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
CSSuTpNa | Emek (0/1) | XI (1) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
CSuTpGNa | Emek (2/0) | XI (2) | - | nt | - | nt |
CSTKNa | Blockley (0/1) | - | nt | nt | nt | |
CSTSuTp | Anatum (1/0) | XII (1) | + (1) | nt | - | nt |
ACSTSuG | Kedougou (0/1) | X (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ACSTSuNa | Tm RDNC (0/1), Tm pt 506 (1/0) | I (2) | - | nt | SGI1 | + |
ASTSuGNa | Tm RDNC (0/1) | I (1) | - | nt | SGÍ1 | + |
ASTSuTpG | Tm 90 (4/0) | XII (4) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
ASTSuTpNa | Schwarzengrund (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpNa | Albany (1/1) | II (2) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
ATSuTpAcCeNa | Schwarzengrund (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpNa | Tallahassee (2/0) | II (2) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
CSTSuTpKNa | Blockley (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ASTSuTpGK | Tm pt 90 (8/6), Tm pt 507 (2/0), Tm RDNC (1/0), Tm pt 510 (1/0) | XII (18) | + (10) | + (6) | - | nt |
ASTSuTpGNa | S.enterica (I) 4, (5) 12∶1∶ - (0/1) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ASTSuTpGNa | Tm UT (1/0) | XII (1) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpCeNa | Anatum (1/0) | V (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ACTSuTpAcCeNa | Emek (1/0) | XI (1) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
ACSTSuTpCoNa | Albany (1/0) | II (1) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
ASTSuTpGKNa | Tm 90 (1/1) | XII (2) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpGK | Derby (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpGK | Tm 90 (2/0) | XII (2) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpGNa | Tm 90 (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ASTSuTpKGNa | Tm 90 (1/0), Tm RDNC (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
ACSTSuTpAcGKNaNoCi | Tm 507 (0/1), Tm UT (0/1) | XIV (2) | + (1) | - | - | nt |
ACSTSuTpAcCeGKNaNoCi | Tm UT (0/1) | XIII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
Abbreviations used: A, ampicillin; C, chloramphenicol; S, streptomycin; T, tetracycline; Su, sulfonamides; Tp, trimethoprim, Ac, amoxicillin; Ce, cephalothin; G, gentamicin; K, kanamycin; Na, nalidixic acid; No, norfloxacin; Ci, ciprofloxacin; Co, colistin.
Tm, Typhimurium; RDNC, reaction does not conform to any recognized phage types; UT, untypeable phage; Ec, E. coli as the recipient; SE, S. Enteritidis as the recipient; QRDR, quinolone resistance determining region.
- not found; nt, not tested.
number in brackets: number of isolate(s).