Table 3. Antimicrobial resistance characteristics of MDR Salmonella isolates from human and animal origin in Vietnam.
| Multidrug-resistance patterns | Serovars (animal/human isolates) | IP types | Conjugation | SGI 1 | ||
| Ec | SE | Type | Excision | |||
| SSu | Derby (2/0) | V(2)a | - | nt | SGI1-C | nt |
| ATNa | Anatum (13/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| CSSu | Agona (1/0) | X (1) | + (1) | - | - | nt |
| STSu | London (3/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ACTNa | Anatum (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ASSuG | Kedougou (0/1) | XV (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ASTSu | Enteritidis (0/4) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| CSuTpNa | Emek (23/1) | XI (24) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
| CTSuTp | Panama (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| STKNa | Blockley (13/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| STSuNa | Tm pt 507 (0/1), Hadar (0/1) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ACSuTpNa | Albany (1/0) | II (1) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
| ACTSSu | Tm pt 506 (0/1) | I (1) | - | nt | SGI1 | + |
| ACTSuTp | Panama (1/1) | X (2) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ATSuTpNa | Anatum (1/0) | X (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| CSSuTpNa | Emek (0/1) | XI (1) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
| CSuTpGNa | Emek (2/0) | XI (2) | - | nt | - | nt |
| CSTKNa | Blockley (0/1) | - | nt | nt | nt | |
| CSTSuTp | Anatum (1/0) | XII (1) | + (1) | nt | - | nt |
| ACSTSuG | Kedougou (0/1) | X (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ACSTSuNa | Tm RDNC (0/1), Tm pt 506 (1/0) | I (2) | - | nt | SGI1 | + |
| ASTSuGNa | Tm RDNC (0/1) | I (1) | - | nt | SGÍ1 | + |
| ASTSuTpG | Tm 90 (4/0) | XII (4) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
| ASTSuTpNa | Schwarzengrund (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpNa | Albany (1/1) | II (2) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
| ATSuTpAcCeNa | Schwarzengrund (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpNa | Tallahassee (2/0) | II (2) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
| CSTSuTpKNa | Blockley (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ASTSuTpGK | Tm pt 90 (8/6), Tm pt 507 (2/0), Tm RDNC (1/0), Tm pt 510 (1/0) | XII (18) | + (10) | + (6) | - | nt |
| ASTSuTpGNa | S.enterica (I) 4, (5) 12∶1∶ - (0/1) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ASTSuTpGNa | Tm UT (1/0) | XII (1) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpCeNa | Anatum (1/0) | V (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ACTSuTpAcCeNa | Emek (1/0) | XI (1) | - | nt | SGI1-J3 | - |
| ACSTSuTpCoNa | Albany (1/0) | II (1) | - | nt | SGI1-F | - |
| ASTSuTpGKNa | Tm 90 (1/1) | XII (2) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpGK | Derby (1/0) | XII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpGK | Tm 90 (2/0) | XII (2) | + (1) | + (1) | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpGNa | Tm 90 (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ASTSuTpKGNa | Tm 90 (1/0), Tm RDNC (1/0) | - | nt | nt | nt | nt |
| ACSTSuTpAcGKNaNoCi | Tm 507 (0/1), Tm UT (0/1) | XIV (2) | + (1) | - | - | nt |
| ACSTSuTpAcCeGKNaNoCi | Tm UT (0/1) | XIII (1) | - | nt | - | nt |
Abbreviations used: A, ampicillin; C, chloramphenicol; S, streptomycin; T, tetracycline; Su, sulfonamides; Tp, trimethoprim, Ac, amoxicillin; Ce, cephalothin; G, gentamicin; K, kanamycin; Na, nalidixic acid; No, norfloxacin; Ci, ciprofloxacin; Co, colistin.
Tm, Typhimurium; RDNC, reaction does not conform to any recognized phage types; UT, untypeable phage; Ec, E. coli as the recipient; SE, S. Enteritidis as the recipient; QRDR, quinolone resistance determining region.
- not found; nt, not tested.
a
number in brackets: number of isolate(s).