Table 1.
Significant Group Difference Brain Activation in Good (n=12) and Poor (n=8) Writers for fMRI Finger Succession Task
| Brain Region | Difference zscore | Diff Voxel | zscore good writers | SD | zscore poor writers | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3Frontal_Sup_L | 2.713 | 121 | 1.103 | 0.311 | -2.656 | 0.338 |
| 4Frontal_Sup_R | 2.761 | 433 | 1.965 | 0.589 | -2.078 | 0.743 |
| 5Frontal_Sup_Orb_L | 2.796 | 163 | 1.205 | 0.763 | -2.749 | 0.591 |
| 6Frontal_Sup_Orb_R | 2.694 | 186 | 2.062 | 0.671 | -1.895 | 0.608 |
| 7Frontal_Mid_L | 2.799 | 734 | 1.64 | 0.445 | -2.437 | 0.572 |
| 8Frontal_Mid_R | 2.795 | 803 | 1.878 | 0.577 | -2.238 | 0.572 |
| 9Frontal_Mid_Orb_L | 2.646 | 131 | 1.552 | 0.473 | -2.289 | 0.465 |
| 10Frontal_Mid_Orb_R | 2.641 | 202 | 2.064 | 0.415 | -1.843 | 0.463 |
| 13Frontal_Inf_Tri_L | 2.598 | 140 | 1.592 | 0.716 | -2.161 | 0.609 |
| 14Frontal_Inf_Tri_R | 2.688 | 52 | 0.943 | 0.628 | -2.775 | 0.525 |
| 15Frontal_Inf_Orb_L | 2.499 | 150 | 1.088 | 0.464 | -2.401 | 0.408 |
| 16Frontal_Inf_Orb_R | 2.858 | 203 | 1.525 | 0.562 | -2.624 | 0.502 |
| 17Rolandic_Oper_L | 2.628 | 54 | 2.232 | 0.29 | -1.712 | 0.41 |
| 23Frontal_Sup_ Medial_L | 2.705 | 160 | 1.238 | 0.494 | -2.594 | 0.506 |
| 24Frontal_Sup_Medical_R | 2.563 | 78 | 1.375 | 0.545 | -2.309 | 0.479 |
| 26Frontal_Mid_Orb_R | 2.699 | 65 | 1.806 | 0.65 | -2.141 | 0.666 |
| 28Rectus_R | 2.653 | 150 | 2.204 | 0.726 | -1.777 | 0.535 |
| 29Insula_L | 2.764 | 198 | 1.543 | 0.505 | -2.449 | 0.512 |
| 30Insula_R | 2.491 | 102 | 1.392 | 0.294 | -2.189 | 0.29 |
| 31Cingulum_Ant_L | 2.692 | 486 | 0.88 | 0.671 | -2.812 | 0.462 |
| 32Cingulum_Ant_R | 2.784 | 384 | 1.312 | 0.631 | -2.603 | 0.533 |
| 33Cingulum_Mid_L | 2.686 | 536 | 2.311 | 0.945 | -1.622 | 0.899 |
| 34Cingulum_Mid_R | 2.666 | 520 | 1.482 | 0.786 | -2.295 | 0.755 |
| 37Hippocampus_L | 2.674 | 227 | 1.416 | 0.729 | -2.395 | 0.635 |
| 38Hippocampus_R | 2.49 | 127 | 1.682 | 0.598 | -1.953 | 0.48 |
| 39ParaHippocampal_L | 2.846 | 268 | 1.676 | 0.669 | -2.459 | 0.588 |
| 40ParaHippocampal_R | 2.642 | 125 | 1.288 | 0.504 | -2.457 | 0.320 |
| 43Calcarine_L | 2.542 | 185 | 3.613 | 0.804 | -0.007 | 0.895 |
| 44Calcarine_R | 2.524 | 235 | 2.451 | 0.77 | -1.331 | 0.702 |
| 45Cuneus_L | 2.449 | 113 | 1.915 | 0.643 | -1.659 | 0.529 |
| 46Cuneus_R | 2.46 | 106 | 1.17 | 0.472 | -2.292 | 0.375 |
| 47Lingual_L | 2.567 | 384 | 2.659 | 0.952 | -1.175 | 1.036 |
| 48Lingual_R | 2.687 | 630 | 2.621 | 0.857 | -1.412 | 0.966 |
| 50Occipital_Sup_R | 2.664 | 171 | 1.041 | 0.597 | -2.671 | 0.56 |
| 51Occipital_Mid_L | 2.751 | 994 | 1.122 | 0.516 | -2.719 | 0.519 |
| 53Occipital_Inf_L | 2.681 | 348 | 0.994 | 0.755 | -2.69 | 0.631 |
| 54Occipital_Inf_R | 2.815 | 312 | 1.377 | 0.768 | -2.561 | 0.614 |
| 55Fusiform_L | 2.736 | 621 | 1.444 | 0.757 | -2.45 | 0.604 |
| 56Fusiform_R | 2.664 | 390 | 1.458 | 1.007 | -2.338 | 0.735 |
| 57Postcentral_L | 2.602 | 299 | 3.874 | 0.76 | 0.561 | 1.119 |
| 58Postcentral_R | 2.511 | 73 | 2.106 | 0.376 | -1.611 | 0.414 |
| 59Parietal_Sup_L | 2.707 | 395 | 2.304 | 1.117 | -1.591 | 1.185 |
| 60Parietal_Sup_R | 2.726 | 843 | 2.016 | 0.673 | -1.977 | 0.608 |
| 61Parietal_Inf_L | 2.601 | 218 | 2.174 | 0.773 | -1.617 | 0.832 |
| 62Parietal_Inf_R | 2.665 | 279 | 2.445 | 0.682 | -1.495 | 0.761 |
| 63SupraMarginal_L | 2.723 | 352 | 1.82 | 0.721 | -2.161 | 0.757 |
| 64SupraMarginal_R | 2.64 | 497 | 1.907 | 0.635 | -1.97 | 0.582 |
| 66Angular_R | 2.599 | 80 | 1.561 | 0.461 | -2.195 | 0.524 |
| 67Precuneus_L | 2.672 | 921 | 2.025 | 0.594 | -1.903 | 0.535 |
| 68Precuneus_R | 2.702 | 1122 | 2.078 | 0.789 | -1.862 | 0.603 |
| 77Thalamus_L | 2.665 | 109 | 2.396 | 0.89 | -1.564 | 0.706 |
| 78Thalamus_R | 2.512 | 172 | 1.448 | 0.637 | -2.129 | 0.6 |
| 81Temporal_Sup_L | 2.658 | 843 | 2.155 | 0.597 | -1.822 | 0.58 |
| 82Temporal_Sup_R | 2.643 | 426 | 2.261 | 0.616 | -1.67 | 0.665 |
| 83Temporal_Pole_SuL | 2.523 | 126 | 1.529 | 0.595 | -2.105 | 0.49 |
| 85Temporal_Mid_L | 2.701 | 349 | 2.231 | 0.545 | -1.741 | 0.844 |
| 86Temporal_Mid_R | 2.586 | 285 | 2.667 | 0.519 | -1.169 | 0.558 |
| 89Temporal_Inf_L | 2.735 | 230 | 1.317 | 0.645 | -2.559 | 0.463 |
| 90Temporal_Inf_R | 2.627 | 275 | 1.276 | 0.869 | -2.371 | 0.652 |
| 91Cerebelum_Crus1_L | 2.76 | 832 | 2.518 | 0.557 | -1.543 | 0.84 |
| 92Cerebelum_Crus1_R | 2.727 | 522 | 2.178 | 1.106 | -1.761 | 1.015 |
| 93Cerebelum_Crus2_L | 2.573 | 87 | 2.615 | 0.386 | -1.122 | 0.412 |
| 97Cerebelum_4_5_L | 2.792 | 270 | 1.121 | 0.546 | -2.751 | 0.583 |
| 98Cerebelum_4_5_R | 2.663 | 222 | 1.434 | 1.009 | -2.308 | 0.846 |
| 99Cerebelum_6_L | 2.657 | 210 | 2.3 | 0.978 | -1.62 | 1.052 |
| 100Cerebelum_6_R | 2.561 | 134 | 2.444 | 0.98 | -1.351 | 1.014 |
| 103Cerebelum_8_L | 2.637 | 280 | 2.37 | 0.631 | -1.532 | 0.584 |
| 104Cerebelum_8_R | 2.608 | 211 | 2.403 | 0.896 | -1.368 | 0.935 |
| 105Cerebelum_9_L | 2.667 | 226 | 1.603 | 0.497 | -2.245 | 0.46 |
| 106Cerebelum_9_R | 2.584 | 99 | 2.049 | 0.761 | -1.705 | 0.64 |
| 110Vermis_3 | 2.862 | 97 | 2.043 | 0.431 | -2.223 | 0.467 |
| 111Vermis_4_5 | 2.568 | 66 | 2.469 | 0.286 | -1.326 | 0.46 |
| MNI coordinates and Brodmann area definition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain region | ave. Z | MNI X | MNI Y | MNI Z | Brodmann |
| Frontal_Sup_L | 2.713 | -24 | 54 | 10 | 10 |
| Frontal_Sup_R | 2.761 | 24 | 60 | 16 | 10 |
| Frontal_Sup_Orb_L | 2.796 | -18 | 58 | -10 | 11 |
| Frontal_Sup_Orb_R | 2.694 | 16 | 64 | -6 | 11 |
| Frontal_Mid_L | 2.799 | -30 | 38 | 26 | 46 |
| Frontal_Mid_R | 2.795 | 32 | 48 | 26 | 46 |
| Frontal_Mid_Orb_L | 2.646 | -20 | 58 | -10 | 11 |
| Frontal_Mid_Orb_R | 2.641 | 20 | 58 | -10 | 11 |
| Frontal_Inf_Oper_L | 2.491 | -50 | 18 | 32 | 44 |
| Frontal_Inf_Tri_L | 2.598 | -48 | 20 | 30 | 44 |
| Frontal_Inf_Tri_R | 2.688 | 40 | 36 | 2 | 47 |
| Frontal_Inf_Orb_L | 2.499 | -34 | 38 | -6 | 47 |
| Frontal_Inf_Orb_R | 2.858 | 42 | 44 | -10 | 47 |
| Rolandic_Oper_L | 2.628 | -46 | -28 | 20 | 48 |
| Rolandic_Oper_R | 2.553 | 62 | -20 | 16 | 42 |
| Supp_Motor_Area_L | 2.49 | -12 | -4 | 46 | 0 |
| Supp_Motor_Area_R | 2.514 | 12 | -8 | 46 | 0 |
| Frontal_Sup_Medial_L | 2.705 | 2 | 34 | 32 | 32 |
| Frontal_Sup_Medial_R | 2.563 | 12 | 28 | 54 | 8 |
| Frontal_Mid_Orb_L | 2.518 | -12 | 58 | -4 | 10 |
| Frontal_Mid_Orb_R | 2.699 | 14 | 64 | -6 | 11 |
| Rectus_R | 2.653 | 6 | 48 | -20 | 11 |
| Insula_L | 2.764 | -38 | 8 | -12 | 48 |
| Insula_R | 2.491 | 40 | -4 | 0 | 48 |
| Cingulum_Ant_L | 2.692 | -10 | 16 | 30 | 0 |
| Cingulum_Ant_R | 2.784 | 6 | 10 | 28 | 0 |
| Cingulum_Mid_L | 2.686 | -10 | -2 | 36 | 0 |
| Cingulum_Mid_R | 2.666 | 6 | 10 | 30 | 24 |
| Cingulum_Post_L | 2.474 | -4 | -42 | 12 | 29 |
| Cingulum_Post_R | 2.706 | 2 | -42 | 14 | 29 |
| Hippocampus_L | 2.674 | -16 | -32 | -6 | 27 |
| Hippocampus_R | 2.49 | 16 | -6 | -14 | 34 |
| ParaHippocampal_L | 2.846 | -16 | -34 | -8 | 27 |
| ParaHippocampal_R | 2.642 | 16 | -32 | -12 | 30 |
| Calcarine_L | 2.542 | 2 | -92 | -12 | 17 |
| Calcarine_R | 2.524 | 20 | -86 | -2 | 18 |
| Cuneus_L | 2.449 | 2 | -88 | 34 | 0 |
| Cuneus_R | 2.46 | 6 | -82 | 42 | 0 |
| Lingual_L | 2.567 | -14 | -34 | -8 | 27 |
| Lingual_R | 2.687 | 12 | -30 | -10 | 30 |
| Occipital_Sup_L | 2.512 | -26 | -78 | 38 | 19 |
| Occipital_Sup_R | 2.664 | 28 | -80 | 46 | 7 |
| Occipital_Mid_L | 2.751 | -40 | -80 | 14 | 19 |
| Occipital_Inf_L | 2.681 | -32 | -82 | -4 | 19 |
| Occipital_Inf_R | 2.815 | 36 | -78 | -14 | 19 |
| Fusiform_L | 2.736 | -38 | -62 | -22 | 37 |
| Fusiform_R | 2.664 | 36 | -76 | -14 | 19 |
| Postcentral_L | 2.602 | -34 | -42 | 70 | 0 |
| Postcentral_R | 2.511 | 16 | -44 | 80 | 1 |
| Parietal_Sup_L | 2.707 | -34 | -46 | 68 | 0 |
| Parietal_Sup_R | 2.726 | 28 | -80 | 48 | 7 |
| Parietal_Inf_L | 2.601 | -56 | -36 | 46 | 40 |
| Parietal_Inf_R | 2.665 | 46 | -44 | 40 | 40 |
| SupraMarginal_L | 2.723 | -54 | -34 | 26 | 48 |
| SupraMarginal_R | 2.64 | 50 | -38 | 32 | 48 |
| Angular_L | 2.401 | -44 | -54 | 28 | 39 |
| Angular_R | 2.599 | 46 | -48 | 36 | 48 |
| Precuneus_L | 2.672 | -16 | -60 | 72 | 0 |
| Precuneus_R | 2.702 | 4 | -70 | 52 | 7 |
| Paracentral_Lobule_R | 2.456 | 0 | -40 | 70 | 4 |
| Pallidum_R | 2.427 | 26 | -12 | -2 | 0 |
| Thalamus_L | 2.665 | -16 | -28 | -2 | 0 |
| Thalamus_R | 2.512 | 6 | -28 | 2 | 0 |
| Heschl_L | 2.513 | -44 | -22 | 8 | 48 |
| Heschl_R | 2.475 | 62 | 0 | 6 | 48 |
| Temporal_Sup_L | 2.658 | -42 | -12 | -8 | 48 |
| Temporal_Sup_R | 2.643 | 50 | -8 | -8 | 22 |
| Temporal_Pole_Sup_L | 2.523 | -28 | 16 | -28 | 38 |
| Temporal_Mid_L | 2.701 | -48 | -58 | -6 | 37 |
| Temporal_Mid_R | 2.586 | 54 | -24 | -6 | 21 |
| Temporal_Pole_Mid_L | 2.564 | -34 | 12 | -36 | 20 |
| Temporal_Inf_L | 2.735 | -54 | -54 | -8 | 37 |
| Temporal_Inf_R | 2.627 | 40 | -66 | -10 | 19 |
| Cerebelum_Crus1_L | 2.76 | -30 | -82 | -24 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_Crus1_R | 2.727 | 42 | -50 | -32 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_Crus2_L | 2.573 | -30 | -66 | -40 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_Crus2_R | 2.627 | 40 | -46 | -40 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_3_R | 2.933 | 8 | -40 | -10 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_4_5_L | 2.792 | -20 | -44 | -20 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_4_5_R | 2.663 | 6 | -42 | -6 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_6_L | 2.657 | -38 | -64 | -22 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_6_R | 2.561 | 26 | -70 | -20 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_7b_L | 2.771 | -30 | -62 | -44 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_7b_R | 2.779 | 38 | -48 | -42 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_8_L | 2.637 | -28 | -60 | -44 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_8_R | 2.608 | 36 | -48 | -44 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_9_L | 2.667 | -12 | -46 | -54 | 0 |
| Cerebelum_9_R | 2.584 | 16 | -56 | -46 | 0 |
| Vermis_3 | 2.862 | 6 | -38 | -10 | 0 |
| Vermis_4_5 | 2.568 | 6 | -44 | -6 | 0 |
Note: Column 2 is the average group difference zscore comparing good writers to poor writers within the significant cluster within the specified brain region. Column 3 is the number of voxels within the significant cluster within the specified brain region. Column 4 is the average zscore for the good writers within the exact same location as defined in column 2. Column 5 is the average zscore for the poor writers within the exact same location as defined in column 2.