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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Feb 27.
Published in final edited form as: Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008 Nov 5;16(1):17–44. doi: 10.1677/ERC-08-0154

Table 5.

Preclinical studies: in vitro

Targets Agonists Antagonists References
Transcription
 PPARG TZDs GW9662; siRNA Hayashi et al. (2004), Aiello et al. (2006), Copland et al. (2006b) and Antonelli et al. (2008)
 HMGI(Y) Adenoviral-antisense Scala et al. (2000)
Signaling pathways
 EGFR Gefitinib Nobuhara et al. (2005) and Kurebayashi et al. (2006)
 EGFR/VEGFR AEE788 Kim et al. (2005a) and Hoffmann et al. (2007)
 EGFR Cetuximab Hoffmann et al. (2007)
 BCR–ABL1, c-KIT Imatinib Podtcheko et al. (2003), Dziba & Ain (2004), Kurebayashi et al. (2006) and Rao et al. (2006)
 MAPKK(MEK) PD0325901; AZD6244 Leboeuf et al. (2008) and Liu & Xing (2008)
 CXCR4 siRNA; AMD3100 De Falco et al. (2007)
 PTEN/AKT1 TZD (↑PTEN) TZD (↓pAKT1) Aiello et al. (2006)
AKT1 inhibitor IV Hou et al. (2008)
 JNK SP600125 Bulgin et al. (2006)
 Farnesyl transferase Manumycin Xu et al. (2001)
Mitosis
 Aurora kinases Aurora kinase inhibitor Sorrentino et al. (2005)
VX-680 Arlot-Bonnemains et al. (2008)
 Microtubules Paclitaxel; combretastatin 4P; valproic acid Ain et al. (1996), Dziba et al. (2002), Pushkarev et al. (2004), Voigt et al. (2005) and Catalano et al. (2007)
Proliferation
 OEATC-1 siRNA Mizutani et al. (2005)
 RBBP4 siRNA Pacifico et al. (2007)
 Oncolytic viruses ONYX-015; ONYX-411; mutant vaccinia; adenovirus HSV-TK and TP53-regulated Nagayama et al. (2001), Kitazono et al. (2002), Portella et al. (2002), Libertini et al. (2007), Lin et al. (2007, 2008) and Reddi et al. (2008)
Etoposide Antonelli et al. (2008)
Cell cycle
 Cell cycle Gemcitabine Voigt et al. (2000)
 Cyclins CCND1 siRNA; Imatinib; plitidepsin Podtcheko et al. (2003), Bravo et al. (2005) and Lee et al. (2008)
 CDK inhibitors TP53 adenovirus Blagosklonny et al. (1998), Aiello et al. (2006) and Copland et al. (2006b)
BMP7 Franzen & Heldin (2001)
TZDs siRNA; mithramycin Podtcheko et al. (2003) and Bonofiglio et al. (2008)
Apoptosis
 IAPs siRNA; Smac Tirro et al. (2006)
 NF-κB DHMEQ Meng et al. (2008)
 IGF1 aIR3 antibody Poulaki et al. (2002)
 DJ-1 siRNA Zhang et al. (2008)
 PPARG TZD Aiello et al. (2006) and Copland et al. (2006b)
 EGFR/VEGFR AEE788 Kim et al. (2005a)
 BCR–ABL1; c-KIT Imatinib Kurebayashi et al. (2006)
 Aurora kinase VX-680 Arlot-Bonnemains et al. (2008)
 Integrin-linked kinase QLT0267 Younes et al. (2005)
 LCN2 siRNA Iannetti et al. (2008)
 Polo-like kinase 1 siRNA Salvatore et al. (2007)
 DUSP26 siRNA Yu et al. (2007)
Migration
 Autotaxin Autotaxin IL1B,IL4,TGFB1 Kehlen et al. (2004)
 VEGFR2 VEGFR2 inhibitor1 Balthasar et al. (2008)
Protein degradation
 Proteasomes Bortezomib Mitsiades et al. (2006) and Conticello et al. (2007)
Epigenetic
 Histone acetylation Valproic acid; depsipeptide Kitazono et al. (2001), Catalano et al. (2006, 2007) and Xing (2007)
 Methylation 5-aza-dCR Husmark et al. (1999) and Schagdarsurengin et al. (2002, 2006)