Table 2.
Blood pressure and hypertension among CARDIA cohort in 1990–91 at age 23–35, by history of incarceration before 1987
| Prior Incarceration |
No Prior Incarceration | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) or Mean ± SD | |||
| All participants (N=4350) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 13 | 108 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70± 11 | 69 ± 10 | 0.42 |
| Hypertension | 65 (23) | 650 (16) | 0.006 |
| Incident Hypertension 1 | 29 (12) | 254 (7) | 0.007 |
| Black men (N=905) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 114 ± 12 | 114 ± 11 | 0.73 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 71± 11 | 73 ± 10 | 0.10 |
| Hypertension | 43 (23) | 155 (20) | 0.05 |
| Incident Hypertension1 | 22 (17) | 75 (11) | 0.08 |
| White men (N=1054) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 12 | 110 ± 11 | 0.57 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70± 10 | 71 ± 9 | 0.33 |
| Hypertension | 10 (16) | 149 (15) | 0.81 |
| Incident Hypertension1 | 4 (7) | 39 (4) | 0.35 |
| Black women (N=1214) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 106 ± 14 | 107 ± 11 | 0.39 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 67± 13 | 69 ± 10 | 0.09 |
| Hypertension | 8 (16) | 235 (20) | 0.51 |
| Incident Hypertension1 | 2 (5) | 96 (9) | 0.29 |
| White women (N=1177) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 102 ± 10 | 101 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 67± 13 | 65 ± 8 | 0.42 |
| Hypertension | 4 (17) | 123 (10) | 0.30 |
| Incident Hypertension1 | 1 (5) | 44 (7) | 0.84 |
| High school education or less (N=1640) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 12 | 109 ± 12 | 0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70± 12 | 70 ± 10 | 0.84 |
| Hypertension | 46 (25) | 279 (19) | 0.05 |
| Incident Hypertension 1 | 22 (14) | 111 (9) | 0.02 |
| More than high school education (N=2710) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110 ± 13 | 107 ± 11 | 0.006 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70± 12 | 69 ± 10 | 0.49 |
| Hypertension | 19 (18) | 383 (14) | 0.83 |
| Incident Hypertension 1 | 7 (7) | 143 (6) | 0.58 |
1
458 participants with baseline hypertension were excluded in this analysis (N=3892).