Table 2.
Bivariate analysis of continuous variables investigated as potential risk factors for severe malarial anemia in Kisumu, Kenya*
| Variable | Cases mean | Controls mean | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (95% CI), n = 80 | (95% CI), n = 826 | |||
| No. persons in household | 5.09 (4.69–5.48) | 4.32 (4.21–4.43) | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) | 0.0001 |
| Length of time in current residence, years | 5.78 (4.13–7.43) | 4.11 (3.74–4.49) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) (5-year increase) | 0.0165 |
| Wealth percentile | 45.9 (40.1–51.8) | 49.8 (47.8–51.8) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) (10% increase) | 0.2492 |
| Proportion of household members sleeping under net during previous night | 0.78 (0.68–0.88) | 0.83 (0.81–0.86) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.3161 |
| Number of nights/month child sleeps outside Kisumu | 0.8 (0.37–1.23) | 0.34 (0.18–0.50) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 0.1113 |
| NDVI (within 25 meters of household) (scale = 0–200) | 124.9 (121.9–128.0) | 129.5 (128.5–130.4) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) (increase of 10 units) | 0.0068 |
| Distance to lakeshore, km | 2.01 (1.78–2.24) | 2.08 (2.02–2.14) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.5176 |
| EA population density, 1,000/km2 | 16 (12.2, 19.9) | 18.8 (17.3, 20.3) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) (increase of 5,000/km2) | 0.1914 |
| Distance to hospital, km | 2.84 (2.57, 3.12) | 2.58 (2.50, 2.66) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 0.0526 |
*
CI = confidence interval; NDVI = normalized difference vegetation index; EA = enumeration area. Statistically significant values are shown in bold.