Table 5.
Age at which the adverse childhood experience (ACE) begins to have an effect in predicting DSM–IV disorder onseta
| 4-12 years age group OR (95% CI) | 13-24 years age group OR (95% CI) | 25+ years age group OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent death
|
1.6 (0.3-8.7)
|
1.8 (0.3-11.4)
|
4.9 (1.0-24.1)*
|
| Other parent loss
|
1.4 (0.2-8.2)
|
0.70 (0.1-5.4)
|
0.6 (0.1-2.2)
|
| Parent mental health or substance use disorder
|
4.0 (0.7-23.4)
|
3.8 (0.6-26.5)
|
13.9 (2.0-96.0)*
|
| Family violence/criminal behaviour
|
0.1 (0.0-0.5)
|
0.6 (0.1-3.7)
|
0.2 (0.0-1.8)
|
| Neglect/abuse
|
2.1 (0.5-7.5)
|
1.6 (0.5-5.0)
|
0.6 (0.3-1.2)
|
| Other adversity
|
0.5 (0.2-1.6)
|
0.4 (0.1-1.5)
|
0.4 (0.1-2.1)
|
| Experience 2 or more ACE v. 0
|
1.9 (0.1-33.4)
|
3.7 (0.2-61.8)
|
10.0 (0.8-126.7)
|
| Experience 3 or more ACE v. 0 | 3.4 (0.1-247.1) | 3.5 (0.0-555.3) | < 0.001 (< 0.001-0.011) |
OR, odds ratio.
a. Based on discrete-time survival models with person-year as the unit of analysis pooled across the different DSM—IV disorders, controlling for age-at-interview, gender and person-year.
*P < 0.05, two-sided test.