Table 2.

Standardized directional selection gradients (β) and the matrix of standardized quadratic and correlational selection gradients (γ) during first 19 generations following population establishment in northwestern Montana, USA. The effects of sex controlled statistically in general linear model. Last data for selection were collected for the 18th generation.

	generations
	5 (n = 342)				6 (n = 276)				7 (n = 435)				8 (n = 285)
	β	BL	BD	BW	β	BL	BD	BW	β	BL	BD	BW	β	BL	BD	BW
BL	0.013	0.042	−0.020	−0.031	0.006	0.01	−0.038	−0.02	−0.071	0.067	−0.071	0.019	0.031	0.02	−0.063	0.015
BD	0.109		0.073	0.012	0.185		0.085	0.001	0.056		−0.020	0.031	0.005		0.036	0.024
BW	−0.022			−0.022	−0.035			−0.001	0.019			0.014	0.035			0.023
	9 (n = 463)				10 (n = 474)				11 (n = 498)				12 (n = 664)
BL	−0.035	−0.038	0.010	0.053	0.118	0.018	0.070	0.011	0.013	−0.027	0.028	−0.017	0.023	0.016	0.071	−0.045
BD	−0.073		−0.032	0.038	−0.088		−0.016	−0.040	0.042		0.001	0.033	−0.032		−0.047	0.008
BW	−0.013			−0.005	0.018			0.017	0.049			0.013	−0.070			−0.02
	13 (n = 603)				14 (n = 563)				15 (n = 339)				16 (n = 414)
BL	−0.024	−0.011	0.003	0.004	0.043	−0.018	−0.038	0.011	0.102	0.009	0.021	−0.055	−0.079	0.003	−0.054	0.078
BD	0.007		0.017	−0.035	0.078		0.067	0	−0.049		−0.021	−0.032	0.099		0.046	−0.063
BW	−0.020			0.022	0.006			0.017	−0.121			0.023	−0.023			−0.056
	17 (n = 524)				18 (n = 284)				overall (n = 6164, 18 years)
BL	0.034	0.014	−0.063	−0.03	−0.024	−0.01	−0.018	−0.011	−0.02	−0.01	−0.01	0.01
BD	−0.103		0.042	0	−0.006		−0.054	0.052	−0.01		0.01	0
BW	−0.043			−0.02	0.014			−0.013	−0.03			−0.01

Bold values are significant at α < 0.05.