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Dopamine increases cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation in vitro. Cholangiocarcinoma cells and the non-malignant cholangiocyte cell lines, H69 and HIBEC, were treated with various concentrations of dopamine (10-9 M to 10-5 M) for 48 hr. Cell proliferation was assessed using an MTS cell proliferation assay. Data are expressed as fold change in proliferation (average ± SEM, n=7) and the asterisk denotes p<0.05 compared to basal treatment within each cell line.
