Duration of the relaxant effect of (R,R)-, racemic, and (S,S)-formoterol on contracted airways. Airways were contracted with 400 nM MCh and exposed for 30 minutes to 400 nM of (A) (R,R)-formoterol, (B) (S,S)-formoterol, and (C) 800 nM racemic formoterol. Each formulation of formoterol induced an initial strong and fast relaxation, followed by a small recontraction of the airway that subsequently stabilized after approximately 4 minutes (dashed line) of exposure to formoterol, and remained constant for the next 30 minutes.