Table 4.
Characteristics of Patients with coronary artery disease and their matched controls by level of adherence after 1 year's follow-up
| Cases occurring after 1 year of follow-up and their controls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases among low adherence | Controls among low adherence | Cases among high adherence | Controls among high adherence | |
| Numbers | 1396 | 18 707 | 5616 | 85 462 |
| Age (continuous) (years)† | 67 (±10) | 67 (±10) | 67 (±9) | 67 (±9) |
| Sex (% male)† | 43 | 37 | 39 | 33 |
| Social assistance (%)† | 13 | 12 | 11 | 9 |
| Cerebrovascular disease during follow-up (%)§ | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| Chronic heart failure during follow-up (%)¶ | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
| Peripheral arterial disease during follow-up (%)†† | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| Other cardiovascular events during follow-up (%)‡‡ | 16 | 8 | 17 | 7 |
| Having ≥2 cardiovascular events (%) | 10 | 2 | 9 | 2 |
| Diabetes (%)§§ | 19 | 15 | 20 | 16 |
| Diagnosed and nontreated (%)§§ | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 |
| Newly treated for diabetes mellitus (%)§§ | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Antidiabetic agents adherence <80% (%)§§¶¶ | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Antidiabetic agent adherence ≥80% (%)§§¶¶ | 5 | 3 | 9 | 7 |
| Dyslipidaemia (%)§§ | 38 | 31 | 40 | 35 |
| Diagnosed and nontreated (%)§§ | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| New treated for dyslipidaemia (%)§§ | 7 | 4 | 8 | 5 |
| Lipid-lowering agent adherence <80% (%)§§¶¶ | 17 | 14 | 7 | 6 |
| Lipid-lowering agent adherence ≥80% (%)§§¶¶ | 10 | 9 | 21 | 20 |
| Respiratory diseases (%)§§ | 26 | 18 | 24 | 17 |
| Antidepressant drugs (%)§§ | 16 | 12 | 15 | 12 |
| Anxiolytic drugs (%)§§ | 43 | 36 | 42 | 36 |
| Chronic disease score (≥4) (%) | 15 | 10 | 14 | 10 |
At treatment initiation.
Diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease (ICD-9 codes 430-438) or medical procedures.
Diagnosis of chronic heart failure (ICD-9 codes 398.91, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, 428.0, 428.1 and 428.9) or a prescription of furosemide alone or with digoxin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, spironolactone or β-blockers.
Diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease: diagnosis (ICD-9 codes 440-447, medical procedure of noncoronary angioplasty, or use of pentoxifylline).
Diagnosis of other cardiovascular disease: arrhythmia: diagnosis (ICD-9 code 427), a medical procedure using a pacemaker and the use of drugs for cardiac arrhythmias (amiodarone, digoxin, quinidine, disopyramide, flecainamide, mexiletine, procainamide, propafenone, or sotalol); or valvular heart disease; or anticoagulants; other cardiopathy.
ICD-9 or pharmacological treatment.
Proportion of days covered (%) in the year before the index date.