Table 2.

Quantitative PCR Results of Twelve Validated mRNA Biomarkers in Saliva

Gene symbol	Pancreatic cancer vs. Healthy control			Pancreatic cancer vs. Chronic pancreatitis			Pancreatic cancer vs. non-cancer
	P	AUC	Fold change	P	AUC	Fold change	P	AUC	Fold change
MBD3L2	< 0.001	0.788	8.0 ↑	0.003	0.718	4.3 ↑	< 0.001	0.754	5.9 ↑
KRAS	<0.001	0.823	6.1 ↑	0.001	0.759	4.2 ↑	<0.001	0.791	5.1 ↑
STIM2	< 0.001	0.759	4.3 ↑	0.002	0.733	3.1 ↑	< 0.001	0.746	3.7 ↑
DMXL2	0.007	0.699	4.6 ↑	0.106	0.622	2.8 ↑	< 0.001	0.661	3.1 ↑
ACRV1	< 0.001	0.745	3.9 ↑	< 0.001	0.753	4.9 ↑	< 0.001	0.749	4.4 ↑
DMD	< 0.001	0.758	4.1 ↑	0.003	0.718	2.9 ↑	< 0.001	0.738	3.4 ↑
CABLES1	< 0.001	0.783	4.1 ↑	0.003	0.721	2.7 ↑	< 0.001	0.753	3.4 ↑
TK2	0.002	0.731	4.7 ↓	0.015	0.682	4.5 ↓	0.001	0.707	4.6 ↓
GLTSCR2	< 0.001	0.785	4.8 ↓	< 0.001	0.769	5.4 ↓	< 0.001	0.777	5.1 ↓
CDKL3	0.014	0.682	3.8 ↓	0.035	0.659	4.5 ↓	0.009	0.671	4.1 ↓
TPT1	0.003	0.720	2.0 ↓	0.061	0.641	0.7 ↓	0.005	0.681	1.9 ↓
DPM1	0.004	0.712	2.6 ↓	0.123	0.617	0.6 ↓	0.011	0.665	2.4 ↓

Quantitative PCR was used to validate the microarray findings on an independent clinical sample set, including saliva from 30 pancreatic cancer patients, 30 healthy control subjects, and 30 chronic pancreatitis patients. Wilcoxon’ Signed Rank test: if P< 0.05, the marker is validated. ↑: Up-regulated in pancreatic cancer; ↓: Down-regulated in pancreatic cancer.