Table 3.
Decomposition of the Total Childhood Poverty Gap Between the United States and Other Countries
| Counterfactual Childhood Poverty Gap Based on a Single Factor |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Childhood Poverty Gap Based on All Factors (1) | Market Earnings in Married-Couple Households (Fβ) (2) | Household-Type Gradient in Market Earnings (Fɛ) (3) | Distribution of Children by Household Type (Fδ) (4) | Income Redistribution in Married-Couple Households (Fα) (5) | Household-Type Gradient in Redistribution (Fγ) (6) | |
| Australia, 1994 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 5.9 | –5.7 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 8.2 | –0.7 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | –96.5 | 19.1 | 37.0 | 139.0 | –12.2 |
| Belgium, 1997 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 14.3 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 8.4 | 1.7 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 4.7 | 8.5 | 15.3 | 58.6 | 12.0 |
| Canada, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 7.1 | –0.4 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 5.6 | –0.2 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | –5.9 | 12.6 | 8.2 | 79.6 | –2.3 |
| Estonia, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 8.4 | 1.7 | 2.7 | –0.6 | 3.5 | 1.2 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 20.7 | 31.8 | –7.3 | 41.7 | 13.8 |
| Finland, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 19.1 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 14.7 | 0.0 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 12.9 | 3.6 | 7.9 | 76.7 | 0.2 |
| France, 1994 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 14.0 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 10.5 | –2.7 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 19.3 | 7.2 | 17.4 | 74.7 | –19.2 |
| Germany, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 12.9 | 6.9 | –3.5 | 2.7 | 10.1 | –2.6 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 53.6 | –27.3 | 21.2 | 78.5 | –19.9 |
| Netherlands, 1999 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 12.2 | 6.7 | –2.2 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 0.4 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 55.1 | –17.8 | 26.6 | 34.1 | 3.0 |
| Norway, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 18.5 | 7.9 | –2.3 | 2.4 | 9.3 | 1.7 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 42.6 | –12.5 | 13.2 | 50.2 | 8.9 |
| Poland, 1999 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 9.2 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.9 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 3.1 | 21.0 | 21.3 | 20.3 | 31.7 |
| Russia, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | –1.5 | –4.7 | 5.9 | 0.6 | –4.4 | 0.9 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 325.9 | –405.5 | –40.3 | 306.6 | –61.1 |
| Slovenia, 1999 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 15.0 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 5.8 | –2.9 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 38.3 | 14.8 | 27.1 | 38.5 | –19.3 |
| Sweden, 2000 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 17.7 | 3.9 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 13.7 | –1.0 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | 22.0 | 3.7 | 6.1 | 77.2 | –5.4 |
| United Kingdom, 1999 | ||||||
| Unstandardized | 6.7 | –2.7 | –0.9 | –2.8 | 10.5 | 1.8 |
| Standardized | 100.0 | –41.1 | –12.9 | –42.3 | 157.4 | 27.1 |