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. 2008 Aug;45(3):537–553. doi: 10.1353/dem.0.0024

Table 5.

Change in Child Poverty Rate Due to Government Transfers for Different Model Specifications (percentages)

Counterfactual Government Transfers Conditional on Nontransfer Income
Counterfactual Government Transfers Conditional on Receipt of Some Transfer Income
Base Case Reverse Ordering
1. Countries Experiencing a Decrease of 1 Percentage Point or Greater
  United Kingdom −11.3 −8.7 −11.5
  United States 0.4 0.2 0.7
  Norway −3.8 −0.5 −4.3
  Canada 2.9 1.2 2.1
2. Countries Experiencing a Change of Less Than 1 Percentage Point
  Sweden 0.5 0.9 0.2
  Luxembourg 0.1 1.2 −6.7
  Belgium 1.0 1.3 0.1
  Netherlands 0.9 1.3 2.1
  Finland 1.0 0.7 −0.8
3. Countries Experiencing an Increase of 1 Percentage Point or Greater
  West Germany 1.2 0.8 −1.4
  Italy 1.4 2.8 0.3
  Hungary 4.8 13.9 5.2

Notes: Column 1, referred to as the base case, presents the impacts on child poverty rates attributed by the decomposition analysis to government transfers from Tables 2, 3, and 4. The factors are introduced into the decomposition analysis in the order presented in these tables: first demographic factors, then labor market factors, and then government transfers. Column 2, reverse ordering, refers to results from a decomposition in which government transfers are introduced first, followed by labor market factors, and then by demographic factors. In column 3, the ordering of the factors is the same as in column 1. The complete results from these models are available upon request.