Prevention of M. pulmonis burden and leukocyte influx by dexamethasone. Bar graphs of expression of M. pulmonis 16S rRNA in tracheas by qRT-PCR (A), total RNA yield per trachea (B), and lung (C) and bronchial lymph node weights (D) from pathogen-free mice and mice infected for 7, 14, or 28 days with concurrent treatment with vehicle or dexamethasone. Lung and bronchial lymph node weights are normalized to the corresponding final body weights. *P < 0.05 versus pathogen-free; †P < 0.05 versus the corresponding infected, vehicle-treated controls (n = 5 to 8, mice per group). E–J: H&E-stained sections of mouse tracheas (E–G) and mouse left lungs (H–J) in pathogen-free mice (E and H) or in infected mice with concurrent treatment with vehicle (F and I) or dexamethasone (G and J) for 28 days. Arrows indicate leukocyte influx in tracheal epithelial layers, and arrowheads mark leukocyte influx in tracheal mucosa. Dex, dexamethasone; B, bronchiole; V, blood vessel. Scale bars: 100 μm in (E–G); 400 μm (H–J).