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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):154–162. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.038

Table 2.

Parenting outcomes involving micro-level intervention differences from baseline to 2-year follow-up

Outcome Tests of hypotheses involving the micro effect Adjusted M (SE)

Time ×
Micro ×
Macro
Interaction
Micro ×
Macro
Interaction
Time by
Micro
Interaction
Micro
Main
Effect
Micro
intervention
No micro
intervention
Limit setting
of diet and PA
ns ns ns ns
Monitoring of
diet and PA
ns ns ns .014 4.01 (.051) 3.87 (.048)
Discipline for
diet and PA
ns ns ns ns
Control of diet
and PA
ns ns ns ≤.001 2.34 (.072) 2.65 (.067)
Reinforcement
for diet and
PA
.012 ns ns .002 4.13 (.065) 3.92 (.061)
Parental
support for PA
ns ns ns ≤.001 3.82 (.079) 3.45 (.073)
Away from
home foods
ns ns ns .045 0.74 (.077) 0.91 (.072)
Family
watches TV
during dinner
ns ns ns .006 2.59 (.066) 2.77 (.062)
Parent gives
money for
snacks
ns ns ns ns
Number of
family meals
together
ns ns ns ns
Parent-
perceived
barriers
ns ns ns ns
Parent-
perceived self-
efficacy
ns ns ns ns

ns = not significant at ≤ .05. All tests were carried out using mixed effects models. The models accounted for repeated measures over M2 to M4 and adjusted for the M1 (baseline) level. All models adjusted for clustering at the school level and for language version of survey, parent gender and age, marital status, household size, employment status, education status, homeowner, household income, and child gender, age and generation status.