Table 5.

Fitting values for the impedance data shown in Figure 4. Labels A to E correspond to Figure 4.

				(D)	(E)
Circuit	(A)	(B)	(C)	Ni/Ox. 3DOM C b/	Ni/Untempl. C c/
element	Ni/3DOM C	Ni/PVC	Ni/3DOM C/ PVC	PVC	PVC
R1 (Ω)	64	−1.1×104	−1.3×104	−1.8×104	−7.5×103
C1a (F)	7.6×10−3	7.7×10−11	5.7×10−11	3.9×10−11	4.8×10−11
R2 (Ω)	1.5×104	2.8×105	6.7×105	7.6×105	1.1×105
C2a (F)	-	−	8.1×10−11	3.6×10−9	-
R3 (Ω)	-	−	1.8×105	4.6×104	-
CPE1-T	1.6×10−2	2.0×10−6	6.1×10−6	2.7×10−6	3.5×10−6
CPE1-P	0.37	0.81	0.53	0.57	0.66
R4 (Ω)	1.1×102	3.3×106	-	-	-

^aC1 and C2 were also fit as CPEs. The CPE phase values indicated the presence of nearly perfect capacitors, so capacitors were used instead.

^b3DOM carbon oxidized for 15 min.

^cUntemplated carbon.