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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Nov 24;125(2 Suppl 2):S24–S32. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.07.016

Figure 2. Overview of TLR Signaling and the NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Figure 2

TLR ligation initiates a signaling cascade that culminates in the translocation of the transcription factors, NF-κB and others, to the nucleus generating an acute inflammatory response. The NLRP3 (or NALP3) inflammasome is triggered by a wide variety of stimuli culminating in the activation of caspase 1 which will then cleave pro-IL1β and pro-IL18 to drive an inflammatory response. Human mutations and polymorphisms in many of the genes encoding elements of these pathways appear to alter susceptibility to infectious and inflammatory diseases.