TABLE 1.
Effects of GADD45β on AP-1, CRE, and C/EBP reporter activities
ATDC5 cells were transfected with 300 ng of AP-1-Luc (top), CRE-Luc (middle), or C/EBP reporter (bottom) and 25 ng of plasmid encoding the indicated family member or GADD45β, alone or together, in a total of 400 ng/well. The values of firefly luciferase activities are normalized to Renilla luciferase activities of pRL-TK and shown as -fold induction compared with control (empty vector). Means ± S.D. from three or more independent experiments are shown.
| Control | c-Jun | JunB | JunD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 1.00 | 5.87 ± 1.83 | 1.60 ± 0.16 | 1.17 ± 0.13 |
| Fra2 | 4.18 ± 0.99 | 6.77 ± 2.00 | 2.92 ± 0.57 | 6.78 ± 1.58 |
| Gadd45β | 2.01 ± 0.38 | 10.71 ± 2.38 | 1.08 ± 0.22 | 1.90 ± 0.32 |
| Fra2/Gadd45β | 8.10 ± 1.54 | 6.50 ± 2.63 | 3.70 ± 1.24 | 10.23 ± 1.38a,b |
| Control | ATF2 | ATF3 | ATF4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 1.00 | 1.58 ± 0.19 | 0.95 ± 0.13 | 1.53 ± 0.31 |
| GADD45β | 2.78 ± 0.25 (2.78) | 4.58 ± 1.06c (2.91) | 1.83 ± 0.54c (1.92) | 3.04 ± 0.93c (1.98) |
| Control | C/EBPα | C/EBPβ | C/EBPδ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 1.00 | 24.13 ± 5.79 | 7.05 ± 1.59 | 5.11 ± 1.05 |
| GADD45β | 1.47 ± 0.12 (1.47) | 43.38 ± 11.26d (2.00) | 15.13 ± 4.57d (2.40) | 10.61 ± 3.27d (2.34) |
a p < 0.01 versus Fra2/Gadd45b.
b p < 0.01 versus Fra2/JunD.
c p < 0.01 versus GADD45b.
d p < 0.01 for C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPδ, respectively, versus GADD45β.