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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 8.
Published in final edited form as: J Res Pers. 2009;43(5):737–746. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.04.008

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

A bivariate Cholesky decomposition was used to partition the variances of, and covariances between, mothers’ reports and fathers’ reports into genetic and non-genetic components. Separate models were estimated for Effortful Control, Negative Affectivity, and Surgency/Extraversion factors. Latent variables represent overlapping additive genetic effects (A), additive shared environment effects (C), and additive non-shared environment effects including error (E), as well as residual genetic (a), shared environmental (c), and non-shared environmental (e) variance. In this model, the pathways between latent variables representing genetic variance and covariance across twins are set at 1 for monozygotic (MZ, identical) twins and .5 for dizygotic (DZ, fraternal) twins. The pathways for shared environmental variance and covariance across twins are set at 1 for MZ and DZ twins, whereas the pathways for non-shared environmental variance and covariance across twins are set at 0 for MZ and DZ twins.