Table 1.
Distributions of Score for the Modified Mini-Mental Status Exam (M-MMSE) and Its Individual Items: Women and Men Aged 50 and Older in Two Districts in Ismailia, Egypt
| Mediana |
Mean (95% CI)b,c |
Mean Differenceb,c,d W − M | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | p | Men | Women | ||
| M-MMSE (0–20) | ||||||
| Total | 17.00 | 15.00 | *** | 17.17 (16.50, 17.84) | 15.23 (14.79, 15.69) | −1.93*** |
| 50–59 years | 18.00 | 16.00 | *** | 18.04 (17.24, 18.84) | 15.89 (15.50, 16.28) | −2.15*** |
| 60–69 years | 17.00 | 15.00 | *** | 16.91 (16.58, 17.24) | 14.98 (14.49, 15.47) | −1.93*** |
| ≥ 70 years | 16.00 | 14.00 | *** | 15.19 (14.77, 15.68) | 13.43 (12.23, 14.64) | −1.75** |
| Orientation | ||||||
| Know residence and day of week (0–4)e | ||||||
| Total | 4.00 | 4.00 | *** | 3.93 (3.89, 3.97) | 3.72 (3.66, 3.79) | −0.21*** |
| 50–59 years | 4.00 | 4.00 | *** | 3.99 (3.96, 4.01) | 3.83 (3.77, 3.89) | −0.16*** |
| 60–69 years | 4.00 | 4.00 | *** | 3.91 (3.84, 3.98) | 3.71 (3.58, 3.83) | −0.21** |
| ≥ 70 years | 4.00 | 4.00 | *** | 3.82 (3.74, 3.90) | 3.36 (3.12, 3.60) | −0.46** |
| Registration and Recall | ||||||
| Immediate recall of three words (0–3) | ||||||
| Total | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.93 (2.89, 2.97) | 2.92 (2.88, 2.96) | −0.01 | |
| 50–59 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.97 (2.92, 3.01) | 2.95 (2.92, 2.99) | −0.01 | |
| 60–69 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.92 (2.85, 2.99) | 2.93 (2.85, 3.02) | 0.01 | |
| ≥ 70 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | † | 2.83 (2.74, 2.91) | 2.76 (2.61, 2.92) | −0.06 |
| Delayed recall of three words (0–3) | ||||||
| Total | 3.00 | 2.00 | ** | 2.40 (2.24, 2.57) | 2.23 (2.09, 2.37) | −0.17 |
| 50–59 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | * | 2.61 (2.44, 2.79) | 2.38 (2.22, 2.53) | −0.24* |
| 60–69 years | 3.00 | 2.00 | 2.28 (2.08, 2.47) | 2.17 (1.99, 2.35) | −0.10 | |
| ≥ 70 years | 2.00 | 2.00 | * | 2.06 (1.93, 2.18) | 1.84 (1.37, 2.31) | −0.22 |
| Attention and Calculation | ||||||
| Reverse recall of numbers (0–5) | ||||||
| Total | 3.00 | 1.00 | *** | 3.27 (2.90, 3.65) | 1.99 (1.76, 2.22) | −1.28*** |
| 50–59 years | 5.00 | 2.00 | *** | 3.72 (3.23, 4.21) | 2.25 (2.00, 2.51) | −1.47*** |
| 60–69 years | 3.00 | 1.00 | *** | 3.15 (2.85, 3.44) | 1.80 (1.55, 2.04) | −1.35*** |
| ≥ 70 years | 2.00 | 1.00 | *** | 2.24 (2.12, 2.36) | 1.47 (1.21, 1.73) | −0.77*** |
| Language | ||||||
| Following a three-step command (0–3) | ||||||
| Total | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.92 (2.86, 2.98) | 2.94 (2.90, 2.97) | 0.02 | |
| 50–59 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.94 (2.86, 3.02) | 2.96 (2.91, 3.01) | 0.02 | |
| 60–69 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.94 (2.87, 3.01) | 2.96 (2.89, 3.02) | 0.01 | |
| ≥ 70 years | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.83 (2.68, 2.98) | 2.82 (2.71, 2.93) | −0.01 | |
| Copying a drawing (proportion correct) | ||||||
| Total | 0.73 (0.65, 0.80) | 0.46 (0.40, 0.53) | −0.27*** | |||
| 50–59 years | 0.81 (0.71, 0.90) | 0.54 (0.46, 0.62) | −0.27*** | |||
| 60–69 years | 0.74 (0.65, 0.82) | 0.44 (0.35, 0.52) | −0.30*** | |||
| ≥ 70 years | 0.48 (0.42, 0.53) | 0.25 (0.20, 0.30) | −0.23*** | |||
| Repeating a local proverb (proportion correct) | ||||||
| Total | 0.98 (0.97, 1.00) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) | −0.01 | |||
| 50–59 years | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | −0.03* | |||
| 60–69 years | 0.98 (0.95, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.01 | |||
| ≥ 70 years | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.95) | −0.01 | |||
Unweighted samples sizes are as follows: total = 995 (466 men; 529 women); 50–59 years = 364 (159 men; 205 women); 60–69 years = 320 (162 men; 158 women); and ≥ 70 years = 311 (145 men; 166 women).
Estimates adjusted for stratified sample design.
Weighted samples sizes are as follows: total = 1,003 (500 men; 503 women); 50–59 years = 508 (245 men; 263 women); 60–69 years = 338 (170 men; 169 women); and ≥ 70 years = 157 (85 men; 72 women).
These p values are adjusted for the sample design.
Residence refers to village or city, district, and governorate in which the respondent is living.
p < .10;
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001