. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 30.

Published in final edited form as: Int J Pharm. 2010 Jan 18;388(1-2):202–208. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.01.013

Table II.

Effect of TDM on the Hypoglyemic Response to Various Insulins

Conditions		Blood Glucose

0.125% TDM (+/-)	Type of Insulin	AUC _0-180 (mg/dL × minutes)	Blood Glucose at 60 minutes after Insulin administration (mg/dL)

(-)	Regular Insulin ^*	93728 +/- 2600	600 +/- 10 ^**
(+)	Regular Insulin	32745 +/- 2400 ^a	135 +/- 22 ^a
(+)	Lispro Insulin	39863 +/- 3200 ^a	160 +/- 27 ^a
(+)	Aspart Insulin	43470 +/- 4300 ^a,^b	205 +/- 13 ^a,^b
(+)	Glulisine Insulin	55335 +/- 4000 ^a,^b	242 +/- 15 ^a,^b
(+)	NPH Insulin	41730 +/- 3100 ^a,^b	174 +/- 19 ^a
(+)	Glargine Insulin	36345 +/- 3600 ^a	183 +/- 26 ^a

Rats received nose drops containing 2 units of insulin with or without 0.125% TDM. The blood glucose levels were measured at various times up to 180 minutes after nasal insulin administration. The AUC values were measured by the trapezoidal rule and compared to the AUC values observed with Regular Insulin. Basal glucose levels ranged from 303 to 393mg/dl. Data represent mean +/- SEM (n=3-6.)

Significantly different than the same insulin formulated with 0% TDM (p < 0.05).

Significantly different than Regular insulin formulated with 0.125% TDM (p <0.05).

Similar results were obtained when other insulins were tested in the presence of 0% TDM.

^**

Upper limit of glucometer = 600mg/dL