Table 3. Training and clinical scope of practice of MLPs in Tanzania, Mozambique, and Uganda.

Country and MLP	Training	Scope of Practice
Tanzania
Assistant medical officers	5–6 y postsecondary education	Provide surgical, obstetric, medical, pediatric, and community health services at the district hospital.
Clinical officers	3 y postsecondary education	Small surgical procedures.
		Assist Medical Officer at DH In charge of health centres.
Anesthetic officers	5–6 y postsecondary education (must also take AMO general course)	Provide anesthetic services at district/regional hospital.
Mozambique
Técnicos de cirurgia	Program started in 1984	90% of all obstetric surgeries in Mozambique.
	Selected among nurses and medical assistants	Capacity to handle surgery, complications of deliveries, gynecology, and trauma conditions.
	2 y postsecondary theoretical and practical instruction
	1-y internship under the supervision of a surgeon in a district hospital
Clinical officers	2.5 y postsecondary training	Medicine, minor surgery, obstetrics, anesthesia.
Uganda
Clinical officers	3 y postsecondary training	Medicine, and pediatric outpatient care, hospice care. May assist with medical and pediatric care in absence of doctor.
		In charge of some health centers.
		Diagnose surgical, obstetric, and gynecological conditions and refer them to the doctor.
Anesthetist officers	3 y postsecondary training	Administer anesthesia to adults, infants, and children. Deployed in the national and regional referral hospitals. Are the main anesthetists in these hospitals.
Orthopedic officers	3 y postsecondary training	Basic orthopedic procedures and management of club foot (the Ponsetti manouevre).