Table 2.
Fathers | Mothers | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ever-Incarc. | Never-Inc. | Ever-Incarc. | Never- Inc. | |
Race/Ethnicity | ||||
% White | 12% | 31% | 27% | 29% |
% Black | 54% | 30% | 52% | 35% |
% Hispanic | 30% | 32% | 19% | 30% |
% Other | 4% | 7% | 2% | 6% |
Age at Child’s Birth | 27 Years [SD=7.4] | 31 Years [SD=7.5] | 26 Years [SD=6.6] | 27 Years [SD=6.3] |
Relationship Status | ||||
% Married | 18% | 64% | 24% | 54% |
% Cohabiting | 37% | 18% | 34% | 23% |
% Nonresident | 45% | 17% | 42% | 14% |
Education | ||||
% with <HS | 42% | 26% | 43% | 28% |
% with HS Diploma | 34% | 24% | 35% | 32% |
% with some college | 17% | 24% | 13% | 19% |
% with college + | 7% | 26% | 8% | 21% |
Labor Market and other Personal Characteristics | ||||
% Employed at Baseline | 71% | 89% | 25% | 37% |
Baseline wages (excluding zeros for mothers) | $11.39 [SD=13.66] | $17.58 [SD=16.79] | $7.62 [SD=2.9] | $8.49 [SD=5.9] |
Baseline earnings (excluding zeros for mothers) | $26,716 [SD=76,024] | $41,518 [SD=68,881] | $10,223 [SD=12,406] | $20,274 [SD=17,228] |
Impulsivity score (0=low, 6=high) | 1.9 [SD=2.0] | 1.2 [SD=1.6] | 2.2 [SD=2.1] | 1.3 [SD=1.6] |
Partner ever incarcerated? | 9% | 3% | 52% | 25% |
Mother’s History of MH Problems | 44% | 27% |
Observations weighted to be representative of study cities.
Baseline wage and earnings comparisons exclude those mothers with zero wages and earnings. This strategy is likely to provide a conservative estimate of the differences between the groups, as maternal employment is lower among mothers with a history of incarceration.
All differences are statistically significant at P<.05 except mothers’ baseline age and wages.