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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Lang Learn Dev. 2009 Jul 1;5(3):172–190. doi: 10.1080/15475440902754086
Target Picture Distracter Picture Verbal Phrase
Cow Piano Cow Mooing *
Lion Alarm Clock Lion Growling *
Trumpet Kissing Couple Trumpet Playing
Horse Telephone Horse Neighing *
Dog Sneezing Person Dog Barking *
Toilet Cat Toilet Flushing
Baby Grandfather Clock Baby Crying *
Sneezing Person Dog Someone Sneezing
Airplane Singing Woman Airplane Flying *
Fly Sheep Fly Buzzing
Alarm Clock Lion Alarm Clock Ringing *
Singing Woman Airplane Woman Singing *
Kissing Couple Trumpet Someone Kissing *
Cat Toilet Cat Meowing *
Grandfather Clock Baby Grandfather Clock Chiming *
Train Rooster Train Going By *
Piano Cow Piano Playing
Sheep Fly Sheep Baaing *
Telephone Horse Telephone Ringing *
Rooster Train Rooster Crowing *

Items in italics were counted as onomatopoeic; starred verbal phrases had equivalents in the MacArthur Bates CDI, and thus were included in the individually-tailored item analyses (see Results).