Gradient moments for the conventional spiral (top row) and out–in spiral (bottom row) during a single spiral lobe. Simulation results of the first (left column, linear motion model), second (middle column, acceleration model), and third (right column, jerk motion model) moments are shown. Out–in spirals have smaller nth moments (n = 1, 2, 3, …) compared to conventional spirals. Typical spiral readout in MRSI would have approximately 128 to 256 spiral lobes during a readout interval, which, in the presence of motion, will increase phase accrual leading to decreased signal and T2* shortening.