Table 2.

Association between peripheral arterial disease and potential risk factors. Logistic regression models adjusted by age and sex

	OR (95%CI)	p-value for trend
Men	2.13 (1.65-2.75)
Age (per 10 years)	2.25 (1.96-2.60)
Education (reference = Illiterate)		0.011
Primary school	0.65 (0.42-1.00)
Secondary school	0.55 (0.31-0.99)
High school	0.48 (0.20-1.16)
University	0.29 (0.10-0.87)
Occupation status (reference = Currently working)
Housewife	1.02 (0.57-1.83)
Retired	1.14 (0.70-1.86)
Unemployed	1.10 (0.45-2.71)
Disabled	2.50 (1.29-4.88)
Other	1.76 (0.51-6.05)
Ability to perform physical activity (reference = No limitation)		< 0.001
Mild limitation	2.07 (1.47-2.92)
Only able to do light activity	4.84 (3.19-7.36)
Breathless with any activity	6.70 (3.10-14.45)
Walking (hours/week) (reference = 0-3)		0.002
>3-7	0.88 (0.60-1.29)
>7	0.58 (0.40-0.82)
Tobacco smoking (reference = Never smoker)		< 0.001
Former smoker	2.14 (1.45-3.17)
Current smoker	3.91 (2.58-5.93)
Claudication	5.00 (3.73-6.71)
Obesity (reference = BMI<25)		0.685
Overweight (25≤BMI<30)	0.67 (0.48-0.94)
Obese (BMI ≥30)	0.85 (0.60-1.20)
Waist circumference		0.174
2nd tertilea	1.02 (0.73-1.41)
3rd tertile	1.23 (0.90-1.67)
Hypertension	1.99 (1.51-2.62)
Hypercholesterolemia	1.86 (1.43-2.41)
Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL	2.05 (1.58-2.66)
Diabetes	2.39 (1.82-3.15)
Stroke	2.92 (1.74-4.90)
Transient ischaemic attack	1.73 (0.93-3.20)
Angor	1.90 (1.23-2.93)
Myocardial infarction	3.81 (2.50-5.82)
Framingham index (aged≤74)		< 0.001
10-20	1.42 (0.88-2.29)
>20	2.57 (1.49-4.43)
REGICOR index (aged≤74)		< 0.001
5-10	1.60 (1.05-2.43)
>10	2.61 (1.55-4.38)
SCORE index (aged<65)		< 0.001
2.5-5	1.43 (0.71-2.89)
>5	3.99 (2.00-7.95)
Metabolic syndrome (NCEP)	1.79 (1.36-2.36)

Patients with calcification excluded.

All models adjusted for age, sex and centre.

BMI: Body mass index.

^aSex-specific tertiles. Cut points are 97 cm and 105 cm for men and 90 cm and 101 cm for women.