Table 2.
Prevalence of drug use by age 29 years, according to age group at interview. Data from the World Mental Health Surveys (n = 54,068).
| Age at Interview | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 to 296 | 30 to 44 | 45 to 59 | <= 60 | Total6 | ||||||||||||
| % | SE | n | % | SE | n | % | SE | n | % | SE | n | % | SE | n | Age association χ22-3 |
|
| Americas | ||||||||||||||||
| Colombia1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 49.1 | 2.0 | 702 | 43.2 | 1.8 | 759 | 56.4 | 2.3 | 539 | 56.3 | 4.2 | 138 | 48.4 | 1.0 | 2138 | 24.0** |
| Alcohol | 96.1 | 0.7 | 1375 | 93.3 | 0.7 | 1612 | 87.5 | 1.5 | 861 | 83.8 | 2.4 | 200 | 92.5 | 0.4 | 4048 | 105.8** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 96.8 | 0.8 | 1385 | 93.9 | 0.7 | 1626 | 89.9 | 1.2 | 889 | 86.7 | 2.4 | 213 | 93.6 | 0.4 | 4113 | 83.1** |
| Cannabis | 14.4 | 0.8 | 206 | 9.0 | 0.9 | 144 | 11.2 | 1.7 | 83 | 5.3 | 2.2 | 8 | 10.8 | 0.5 | 441 | 45.2** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 7.2 | 0.8 | 103 | 4.5 | 0.6 | 68 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 21 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 2 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 194 | 35.9** |
| Mexico1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 64.4 | 1.5 | 1326 | 58.8 | 1.7 | 1215 | 55.5 | 2.2 | 579 | 52.9 | 3.6 | 181 | 59.6 | 1.0 | 3301 | 67.0** |
| Alcohol | 91.5 | 0.9 | 1884 | 82.3 | 0.9 | 1773 | 76.8 | 1.5 | 826 | 73.8 | 2.9 | 248 | 83.9 | 0.5 | 4731 | 247.0** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 92.1 | 0.8 | 1897 | 85.6 | 0.9 | 1855 | 79.9 | 1.4 | 864 | 78.6 | 2.5 | 269 | 86.2 | 0.5 | 4885 | 186.7** |
| Cannabis | 11.5 | 1.3 | 236 | 7.7 | 0.9 | 148 | 4.5 | 0.8 | 47 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 7 | 8.0 | 0.5 | 438 | 58.1** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3,7 | 9.6 | 1.2 | 197 | 2.9 | 0.5 | 61 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 11 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 4.5 | 0.4 | 269 | 79.4** |
| United States2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 74.4 | 2.5 | 1020 | 73.3 | 1.8 | 1399 | 75.1 | 1.7 | 1206 | 71.2 | 2.3 | 702 | 73.5 | 1.3 | 4327 | 17.6** |
| Alcohol | 96.2 | 0.9 | 1318 | 93.4 | 0.9 | 1729 | 92.0 | 1.2 | 1425 | 81.7 | 2.0 | 800 | 91.0 | 0.9 | 5272 | 151.8** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 96.0 | 1.0 | 1316 | 94.8 | 0.9 | 1754 | 94.7 | 1.0 | 1463 | 87.0 | 1.7 | 853 | 93.3 | 0.8 | 5386 | 56.2** |
| Cannabis | 57.6 | 2.0 | 789 | 57.6 | 1.9 | 1165 | 40.7 | 1.5 | 711 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 30 | 40.9 | 1.0 | 2695 | 341.8** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 27.3 | 1.7 | 374 | 29.3 | 1.6 | 606 | 15.7 | 1.1 | 269 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 9 | 18.7 | 0.7 | 1258 | 170.9** |
| Europe | ||||||||||||||||
| Belgium2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 88.4 | 5.2 | 121 | 93.9 | 1.5 | 319 | 96.0 | 1.1 | 278 | 82.0 | 4.6 | 220 | 90.4 | 1.8 | 938 | 18.8** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 88.4 | 5.2 | 121 | 93.9 | 1.5 | 319 | 96.0 | 1.1 | 278 | 82.0 | 4.6 | 220 | 90.4 | 1.8 | 938 | 18.8** |
| Cannabis7 | 31.0 | 6.6 | 42 | 9.9 | 1.9 | 44 | 4.3 | 1.1 | 19 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 9.8 | 1.4 | 105 | 105.7** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 10.2 | 3.5 | 14 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 16 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 3 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 38 | 46.8** |
| France2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 94.5 | 2.0 | 218 | 94.2 | 1.8 | 470 | 93.2 | 1.8 | 363 | 81.3 | 3.4 | 274 | 90.8 | 1.2 | 1325 | 114.7** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 94.5 | 2.0 | 218 | 94.2 | 1.8 | 470 | 93.2 | 1.8 | 363 | 81.3 | 3.4 | 274 | 90.8 | 1.2 | 1325 | 114.7** |
| Cannabis | 52.9 | 4.8 | 122 | 19.5 | 2.3 | 133 | 7.7 | 2.2 | 30 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 17.9 | 1.6 | 286 | 186.4** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 11.0 | 2.2 | 25 | 4.9 | 1.0 | 35 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 9 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 4 | 4.5 | 0.8 | 73 | 32.0** |
| Germany2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 98.1 | 0.9 | 182 | 96.7 | 1.1 | 420 | 94.5 | 1.3 | 326 | 91.6 | 2.0 | 322 | 94.9 | 0.9 | 1250 | 79.6** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 98.1 | 0.9 | 182 | 96.7 | 1.1 | 420 | 94.5 | 1.3 | 326 | 91.6 | 2.0 | 322 | 94.9 | 0.9 | 1250 | 79.6** |
| Cannabis | 45.6 | 4.7 | 84 | 21.2 | 2.3 | 108 | 8.9 | 2.2 | 37 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 6 | 16.8 | 1.6 | 235 | 92.8** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 14.6 | 3.2 | 27 | 3.5 | 0.9 | 22 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 59 | 53.2** |
| Italy2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 79.6 | 3.8 | 262 | 72.0 | 2.9 | 383 | 75.8 | 2.1 | 358 | 64.4 | 2.8 | 299 | 72.3 | 1.8 | 1302 | 38.9** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 79.6 | 3.8 | 262 | 72.0 | 2.9 | 383 | 75.8 | 2.1 | 358 | 64.4 | 2.8 | 299 | 72.3 | 1.8 | 1302 | 38.9** |
| Cannabis7 | 17.4 | 3.2 | 57 | 9.6 | 1.6 | 57 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 19 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 6.6 | 0.9 | 133 | 94.6** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3,7 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 3 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 11 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 21 | 4.3 |
| Netherlands2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 92.6 | 4.5 | 122 | 93.6 | 1.1 | 354 | 95.6 | 1.3 | 317 | 84.0 | 3.2 | 210 | 92.0 | 1.3 | 1003 | 42.1** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 92.6 | 4.5 | 122 | 93.6 | 1.1 | 354 | 95.6 | 1.3 | 317 | 84.0 | 3.2 | 210 | 92.0 | 1.3 | 1003 | 42.1** |
| Cannabis | 38.9 | 8.7 | 51 | 27.3 | 3.3 | 114 | 13.0 | 2.6 | 51 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 18.4 | 1.1 | 217 | 72.8** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3,7 | 15.5 | 5.5 | 20 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 24 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 13 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 4.1 | 0.8 | 57 | 19.9** |
| Spain2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 93.4 | 1.8 | 311 | 91.0 | 1.5 | 558 | 87.1 | 2.0 | 373 | 71.5 | 2.7 | 505 | 85.7 | 1.1 | 1747 | 70.6** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 93.4 | 1.8 | 311 | 91.0 | 1.5 | 558 | 87.1 | 2.0 | 373 | 71.5 | 2.7 | 505 | 85.7 | 1.1 | 1747 | 70.6** |
| Cannabis7 | 38.0 | 4.7 | 126 | 21.7 | 2.9 | 150 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 30 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 15.7 | 1.3 | 306 | 123.5** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 11.5 | 2.7 | 38 | 7.9 | 2.1 | 55 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 | 4.9 | 0.8 | 98 | 53.5** |
| Ukraine2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 81.1 | 2.9 | 242 | 69.9 | 3.3 | 269 | 58.6 | 3.3 | 215 | 32.4 | 2.7 | 183 | 59.5 | 1.8 | 909 | 180.4** |
| Alcohol | 99.7 | 0.3 | 298 | 98.6 | 0.6 | 406 | 97.2 | 1.0 | 384 | 84.5 | 2.1 | 523 | 94.7 | 0.7 | 1611 | 273.1** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 99.4 | 0.6 | 297 | 98.7 | 0.6 | 407 | 97.6 | 1.1 | 388 | 84.6 | 2.1 | 524 | 94.8 | 0.7 | 1616 | 233.5** |
| Cannabis | 15.2 | 2.8 | 45 | 8.3 | 1.8 | 32 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 3 | 6.0 | 0.9 | 86 | 46.7** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3,7 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 7 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 16 | 27.8** |
| Middle East and Africa | ||||||||||||||||
| Israel1,5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 49.7 | 0.6 | 537 | 46.2 | 1.4 | 672 | 49.2 | 1.4 | 628 | 36.8 | 1.4 | 408 | 46.0 | 0.3 | 2245 | 84.0** |
| Alcohol | 67.3 | 0.6 | 728 | 57.2 | 1.3 | 842 | 52.4 | 1.4 | 678 | 43.3 | 1.5 | 479 | 55.7 | 0.3 | 2727 | 273.3** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 74.9 | 0.6 | 810 | 69.2 | 1.3 | 1003 | 68.3 | 1.3 | 870 | 57.3 | 1.4 | 634 | 68.0 | 0.3 | 3317 | 182.4** |
| Cannabis | 24.3 | 0.4 | 262 | 13.3 | 0.9 | 198 | 6.1 | 0.7 | 79 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 11 | 11.0 | 0.2 | 550 | 241.0** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3,7 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 47 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 36 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 10 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 93 | 67.9** |
| Lebanon2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 75.3 | 6.4 | 176 | 65.4 | 4.0 | 259 | 67.0 | 4.7 | 167 | 48.9 | 5.4 | 97 | 64.1 | 2.5 | 699 | 12.7** |
| Alcohol | 52.8 | 5.4 | 124 | 51.9 | 4.1 | 191 | 60.8 | 4.1 | 133 | 39.4 | 6.2 | 82 | 52.8 | 3.0 | 530 | 17.4** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 80.8 | 4.7 | 189 | 76.2 | 3.3 | 294 | 82.8 | 3.3 | 194 | 56.9 | 5.7 | 116 | 75.4 | 2.2 | 793 | 22.7** |
| Cannabis | 8.2 | 2.7 | 19 | 4.2 | 1.6 | 15 | 4.4 | 2.2 | 10 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 4 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 48 | 24.0** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 5 | --# |
| Nigeria2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 9.0 | 1.9 | 62 | 18.1 | 1.8 | 142 | 20.6 | 2.1 | 80 | 25.2 | 2.6 | 114 | 16.1 | 1.1 | 398 | 16.6** |
| Alcohol | 62.1 | 3.0 | 432 | 52.3 | 2.6 | 387 | 50.8 | 3.6 | 182 | 52.6 | 3.4 | 217 | 55.6 | 1.7 | 1218 | 23.4** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 63.1 | 3.2 | 439 | 55.9 | 2.5 | 406 | 53.9 | 3.4 | 195 | 60.3 | 3.4 | 252 | 58.5 | 1.8 | 1292 | 15.6** |
| Cannabis | 3.1 | 1.4 | 21 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 36 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 11 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 3 | 2.8 | 0.6 | 71 | 5.0 |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 8 | --# |
| South Africa1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 33.2 | 1.6 | 532 | 32.0 | 1.7 | 426 | 31.2 | 2.1 | 253 | 31.8 | 3.1 | 112 | 32.4 | 1.0 | 1323 | 17.4** |
| Alcohol | 45.5 | 2.1 | 729 | 41.1 | 1.6 | 550 | 34.5 | 2.0 | 261 | 31.1 | 2.8 | 109 | 40.6 | 1.2 | 1649 | 80.1** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 52.0 | 2.1 | 833 | 48.6 | 1.9 | 671 | 44.4 | 1.9 | 353 | 43.4 | 3.0 | 160 | 48.8 | 1.1 | 2017 | 55.3** |
| Cannabis | 12.7 | 1.2 | 203 | 7.7 | 1.0 | 88 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 34 | 4.3 | 2.0 | 11 | 8.5 | 0.6 | 336 | 66.7** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 48 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 22 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 2 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 2 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 74 | 11.7** |
| Asia | ||||||||||||||||
| People’s Republic of China2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco | 49.3 | 4.2 | 124 | 58.3 | 3.0 | 340 | 48.1 | 3.8 | 246 | 38.4 | 4.2 | 105 | 51.3 | 2.1 | 815 | 26.0** |
| Alcohol | 78.7 | 4.4 | 199 | 64.3 | 2.5 | 384 | 61.0 | 3.3 | 308 | 35.2 | 4.5 | 91 | 62.0 | 1.7 | 982 | 67.2** |
| Tobacco or Alcohol | 84.0 | 3.6 | 212 | 75.2 | 2.9 | 451 | 68.2 | 3.2 | 343 | 53.1 | 4.8 | 141 | 72.3 | 1.9 | 1147 | 53.7** |
| Cannabis | 1.4 | 1.4 | 3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 7 | --# |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2 | --# |
| Japan2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 97.2 | 1.9 | 91 | 95.4 | 1.9 | 177 | 91.8 | 2.8 | 269 | 67.6 | 3.7 | 216 | 85.3 | 1.8 | 753 | 41.4** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 97.2 | 1.9 | 91 | 95.4 | 1.9 | 177 | 91.8 | 2.8 | 269 | 67.6 | 3.7 | 216 | 85.3 | 1.8 | 753 | 41.4** |
| Cannabis7 | 4.5 | 2.6 | 4 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 11 | 8.1** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 4.8 | 3.6 | 4 | 4.2 | 2.0 | 6 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 16 | 3.6 |
| Oceania | ||||||||||||||||
| New Zealand1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Alcohol | 95.4 | 0.7 | 2241 | 95.1 | 0.4 | 3951 | 95.3 | 0.5 | 2931 | 89.1 | 0.8 | 2597 | 94.1 | 0.3 | 11720 | 278.2** |
| Tobacco4 or Alcohol | 95.4 | 0.7 | 2241 | 95.1 | 0.4 | 3951 | 95.3 | 0.5 | 2931 | 89.1 | 0.8 | 2597 | 94.1 | 0.3 | 11720 | 278.2** |
| Cannabis | 63.0 | 1.4 | 1480 | 54.8 | 1.0 | 2361 | 32.9 | 1.0 | 1002 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 55 | 40.1 | 0.7 | 4898 | 1028.1** |
| Other Illicit Drugs3 | 23.6 | 1.6 | 554 | 14.1 | 0.7 | 617 | 7.9 | 0.6 | 245 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 17 | 11.3 | 0.5 | 1433 | 352.6** |
Chi square tests examined associations between the prevalence of drug use by age 29 and age at the time of interview
**
Significant at the 0.05 level, 2-sided test
--
Prevalence results were not obtained and therefore the chi-square test was not performed.
#
The chi-square test was not performed because n for Total is small (n <= 10).
1
Part I sample only
2
Part II sample only
3
Other illicit drugs included cocaine and other drugs. Prescription drugs are not included in the definition of other illicit drugs.
4
Age of tobacco use was not accessed.
5
Israel sampled participants age 21 to 29 rather than 18 to 29.
6
Projected cumulative estimates for prevalence of respondents less than 29 years of age at interview
7
Since n is zero or small for some cells, they were collapsed so that the chi-square test could be executed.